भू
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit भू (bhū).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /bʱuː/
Noun
[edit]भू • (bhū) f
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | भू bhū |
भुएँ bhuẽ |
| oblique | भू bhū |
भुओं bhuõ |
| vocative | भू bhū |
भुओ bhuo |
Derived terms
[edit]Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Marathi 𑘥𑘴 (bhū), from Sanskrit भू (bhū).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]भू • (bhū) f
- the earth
Declension
[edit]| Declension of भू (fem ū-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
भू bhū | ||
| direct plural |
भवा bhvā | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
भू bhū |
भवा bhvā | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
भू bhū |
भवां- bhvān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
भूला bhūlā |
भवांना bhvānnā | |
| ergative | भूने, भूनं bhūne, bhūna |
भवांनी bhvānnī | |
| instrumental | भूशी bhūśī |
भवांशी bhvānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
भूत bhūt |
भवांत bhvāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
भू bhū |
भवांनो bhvānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of भू (fem ū-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
भूचा bhūċā |
भूचे bhūċe |
भूची bhūcī |
भूच्या bhūcā |
भूचे, भूचं bhūċe, bhūċa |
भूची bhūcī |
भूच्या bhūcā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
भवांचा bhvānċā |
भवांचे bhvānċe |
भवांची bhvāñcī |
भवांच्या bhvāncā |
भवांचे, भवांचं bhvānċe, bhvānċa |
भवांची bhvāñcī |
भवांच्या bhvāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- भूमिती (bhūmitī)
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “भू”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “भू”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “भू”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “भू”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Old Marathi
[edit]Noun
[edit]भू (bhū) f
- Devanagari form of 𑘥𑘴 (bhū)
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Noun
[edit]भू f
- Devanagari script form of bhū (“the earth”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भू" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | भू (bhū) | भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū) |
| Accusative (second) | भुं (bhuṃ) | भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū) |
| Instrumental (third) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूनं (bhūnaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूनं (bhūnaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | भुया (bhuyā) or भुयं (bhuyaṃ) or भुवि (bhuvi) | भूसु (bhūsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | भु (bhu) | भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū) |
Noun
[edit]भू f
- Devanagari script form of bhū (“eyebrow”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भू" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | भू (bhū) | भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū) |
| Accusative (second) | भुं (bhuṃ) | भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū) |
| Instrumental (third) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूनं (bhūnaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | भुया (bhuyā) | भूनं (bhūnaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | भुया (bhuyā) or भुयं (bhuyaṃ) | भूसु (bhūsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | भु (bhu) | भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū) |
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ভূ (Assamese script)
- ᬪᬹ (Balinese script)
- ভূ (Bengali script)
- 𑰥𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀪𑀽 (Brahmi script)
- ဘူ (Burmese script)
- ભૂ (Gujarati script)
- ਭੂ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌭𑍂 (Grantha script)
- ꦨꦹ (Javanese script)
- 𑂦𑂴 (Kaithi script)
- ಭೂ (Kannada script)
- ភូ (Khmer script)
- ຠູ (Lao script)
- ഭൂ (Malayalam script)
- ᢨᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘥𑘴 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠾᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧅𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐨𑐹 (Newa script)
- ଭୂ (Odia script)
- ꢩꢹ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆨𑆷 (Sharada script)
- 𑖥𑖳 (Siddham script)
- භූ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩳𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚡𑚱 (Takri script)
- பூ⁴ (Tamil script)
- భూ (Telugu script)
- ภู (Thai script)
- བྷཱུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒦𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨡𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to appear, become, be, grow, rise up”).[1][2] Cognates include Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Avestan 𐬠𐬎 (bu), Latin fui, fīō, Proto-Germanic *buskaz, *beuną, and Old English beon (whence English be).
Pronunciation
[edit]Root
[edit]भू • (bhū)
Alternative forms
[edit]- भव् (bhav)
Derived terms
[edit]Primary verbal forms
Secondary forms
- भू॒यते॑ (bhūyáte, passive)
- अभा॑वि (ábhāvi, passive aorist)
- भा॒वय॑ति (bhāváyati, causative)
- अबू॑भुवत् (ábūbhuvat, causative aorist)
- भाव्यते (bhāvyate, passive of causative)
- बुभू॑षति (búbhūṣati, desiderative)
- बिभावयिषति (bibhāvayiṣati, desiderative of causative)
- बोभ॑वीति (bóbhavīti, intensive)
- बोभवति (bobhavati, intensive)
- बोभोति (bobhoti, intensive)
Non-finite forms
- भू॒त (bhūtá, past participle)
- भवि॑तुम् (bhávitum, infinitive)
- भवि॑तोस् (bhávitos, infinitive)
- भू॒त्वा (bhūtvā́, gerund)
- भू॒त्वी (bhūtvī́, gerund)
- भव्य॑ (bhávya, gerundive)
- भ॒वि॒त॒व्य॑ (bhavitavyà, gerundive)
- भा॒व्य (bhāvyá, causative gerundive)
- भावनीय (bhāvanīya, causative gerundive)
- भावयितव्य (bhāvayitavya, causative gerundive)
- बुभूषु (bubhūṣu, desiderative participle)
- बुभूषितव्य (bubhūṣitavya, desiderative gerundive)
Derived nominal forms
- बुभूषा (bubhūṣā)
- भव (bhava)
- भवितृ (bhavitṛ)
- भ॒वित्र॑ (bhavítra)
- भ॒वि॒ष्णु (bhaviṣṇú)
- भविष्य (bhaviṣya, “future”)
- भाव (bhāva)
- भावन (bhāvana)
- भा॒व॒यु (bhāvayú)
- भावु॑क (bhā́vuka)
- भुव॑ (bhúva)
- भुवन (bhúvana, “a being, living creature, mankind”)
- भू (bhū́)
- भूति (bhūti)
- भूमन् (bhū́man, “earth, world, territory; country”)
- भूमि (bhū́mi, “situation, place, earth, ground, base, extent; country”)
- भूरि (bhū́ri, “many; frequent”)
Prefixed root forms
Descendants
[edit]Noun
[edit]भू • (bhū́) stem, f
- the act of becoming or arising
- the place of being, space, world or universe
- the earth (as constituting one of the 3 worlds)
- (figuratively) one (number)
- earth (as a substance), ground, soil, land, landed property
- floor, pavement
- a place, spot, piece of ground
- the base of any geometric figure
- object, matter
- a sacrificial fire
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | भूः (bhū́ḥ) | भुवौ॑ (bhúvau) भुवा॑¹ (bhúvā¹) |
भुवः॑ (bhúvaḥ) |
| accusative | भुव॑म् (bhúvam) | भुवौ॑ (bhúvau) भुवा॑¹ (bhúvā¹) |
भुवः॑ (bhúvaḥ) |
| instrumental | भु॒वा (bhuvā́) | भू॒भ्याम् (bhūbhyā́m) | भू॒भिः (bhūbhíḥ) |
| dative | भु॒वे (bhuvé) भु॒वै² (bhuvái²) |
भू॒भ्याम् (bhūbhyā́m) | भू॒भ्यः (bhūbhyáḥ) |
| ablative | भु॒वः (bhuváḥ) भु॒वाः² (bhuvā́ḥ²) भु॒वै³ (bhuvái³) |
भू॒भ्याम् (bhūbhyā́m) | भू॒भ्यः (bhūbhyáḥ) |
| genitive | भु॒वः (bhuváḥ) भु॒वाः² (bhuvā́ḥ²) भु॒वै³ (bhuvái³) |
भु॒वोः (bhuvóḥ) | भु॒वाम् (bhuvā́m) भू॒नाम्² (bhūnā́m²) |
| locative | भु॒वि (bhuví) भु॒वाम्² (bhuvā́m²) |
भु॒वोः (bhuvóḥ) | भू॒षु (bhūṣú) |
| vocative | भूः (bhū́ḥ) | भुवौ॑ (bhúvau) भुवा॑¹ (bhúvā¹) |
भुवः॑ (bhúvaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
Derived terms
[edit]- भूकम्प (bhūkampa, “an earthquake”)
- भूकर्ण (bhūkarṇa, “the diameter of the earth”)
- भूगोल (bhūgola, “'earth-ball' - the terrestrial globe”)
- भूधर (bhūdhara, “'earth-bearing' - dwelling in the earth, a mountain”)
- भूप (bhūpa, “earth-protector - a king, prince”)
- भूपति (bhūpati, “a king, monarch”)
- भूपाल (bhūpāla, “earth-protector - a king, prince”)
- भूपालन (bhūpālana, “sovereignty, dominion”)
- भूलता (bhūlatā, “an earthworm”)
- भूलोक (bhūloka, “the terrestrial earth”)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “BHŪ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 267
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “BHAVI”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 255
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “भू”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 760, column 1.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 113
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “भू”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
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