वीर

See also: वीर्, विरा, वारि, and वर

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wiHrás, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋiːɾ/
• Rhymes: -iːɾ

Adjective

वीर • (vīr)

1. heroic, brave

Noun

वीर • (vīr) m

1. hero, fighter, one who is brave

Declension

Declension of वीर
	Singular	Plural
Direct	वीर (vīr)	वीर (vīr)
Oblique	वीर (vīr)	वीरों (vīrõ)
Vocative	वीर (vīr)	वीरो (vīro)

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• vīra (Latin script)
• 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ৰীর (Bengali script)
• වීර (Sinhalese script)
• ဝီရ (Burmese script)
• วีร or วีระ (Thai script)
• ᩅᩦᩁ (Tai Tham script)
• ວີຣ or ວີຣະ (Lao script)
• វីរ (Khmer script)

Adjective

वीर

1. Devanagari script form of vīra

Noun

वीर m

1. Devanagari script form of vīra

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wiHrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wiHrás, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀‎ (vīra), Latin vir (“man”), Lithuanian výras, Old Irish fer, Old Norse verr, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair), Ossetian ир (ir, “Ossetians”), Old English wer (whence English wer).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋiː.ɽɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈʋiː.ɽɐ/

Noun

वीर • (vīrá) m

1. man, especially a brave or eminent man, hero, chief
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.7.3:

     त्वद्विप्रो जायते वाज्यग्ने त्वद्वीरासो अभिमातिषाहः ।

     tvadvipro jāyate vājyagne tvadvīrāso abhimātiṣāhaḥ .

     From thee, O Agni, springs the mighty singer, from thee come heroes who subdue the foeman.

2. hero
3. husband
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
4. male child, son
5. the male of an animal
6. heroism

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of वीर (vīrá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वीरः vīráḥ	वीरौ vīraú	वीराः / वीरासः¹ vīrā́ḥ / vīrā́saḥ¹
Vocative	वीर vī́ra	वीरौ vī́rau	वीराः / वीरासः¹ vī́rāḥ / vī́rāsaḥ¹
Accusative	वीरम् vīrám	वीरौ vīraú	वीरान् vīrā́n
Instrumental	वीरेण vīréṇa	वीराभ्याम् vīrā́bhyām	वीरैः / वीरेभिः¹ vīraíḥ / vīrébhiḥ¹
Dative	वीराय vīrā́ya	वीराभ्याम् vīrā́bhyām	वीरेभ्यः vīrébhyaḥ
Ablative	वीरात् vīrā́t	वीराभ्याम् vīrā́bhyām	वीरेभ्यः vīrébhyaḥ
Genitive	वीरस्य vīrásya	वीरयोः vīráyoḥ	वीराणाम् vīrā́ṇām
Locative	वीरे vīré	वीरयोः vīráyoḥ	वीरेषु vīréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Adjective

वीर • (vīrá)

1. heroic, powerful, strong, excellent, eminent

Borrowed terms

• → Hindi: वीर (vīr)
• → Indonesian: wira
• → Javanese: wira
• → Kannada: ವೀರ (vīra)
• → Malay: wira
• → Marathi: वीर (vīr)

Descendants

• Dardic: *vīrá
  • Dameli: [script needed] (bīra, “male, he-goat”)
  • Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (heriu, “husband”)
  • Kalami: [script needed] (bīr, “he-goat”)
  • Kalasha: [script needed] (bīra, “male, he-goat”), [script needed] (birãe, “male”)
  • Kashmiri: [script needed] (vīr, “brave man”)
  • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (bīro, “male”)
  • Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (wīr, “man”)
  • Phalura: [script needed] (bhīrɔ̄, “male”), [script needed] (bhīro, “he-goat”)
  • Shina: [script needed] (bīro, “male”)
  • Tirahi: [script needed] (bir, “male”)
• Helu:
  • Dhivehi: ވީރު‎ (vīru, “man”)
  • Sinhalese: විරු (viru, “man”)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
  • Assamese: বিরা (bira, “evil spirit”)
  • Bengali: বীর (bīr, “hero”)
  • Maithili: बिर (bīr, “hero”)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
  • Marathi: वीर (vīr, “hero”)
• Pali: vīra
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
  • Gujarati: વીર (vīr), વીરૉ (vīrɔ, “brother (from a sister)”)
  • Hindi: बीर (bīr, “warrior”)
  • Kumaoni: बीर (bīr, “hero”)
  • Nepali: बिर (bira, “wild boar”)
  • Punjabi: ਵੀਰ (vīr, “hero”), ਬੀਰ (bīr, “brother (from a sister)”)
  • Sindhi: वीरु (vīru, “hero, demon”)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “vīrá (12056)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press