शासन

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शासन (śāsana), from the root verb शास् (śās, “to order, command, direct”).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃɑː.sən/, [ʃäː.sɐ̃n]

Noun

शासन • (śāsan) m (Urdu spelling شاسن)

1. rule, government

   अमरीका मेँ लोकतंत्रीय शासन है।

   amrīkā mẽ loktantrīya śāsan hai.

   The United States has a democratic government.

   लोगोँ ने धर्मतंत्रीय शासन के तले कष्ट उठाया।

   logõ ne dharmatantrīya śāsan ke tale kaṣṭ uṭhāyā.

   The people suffered under theocratic rule.

2. law

   यहाँ मेरा वचन शासन है। ― yahā̃ merā vacan śāsan hai. ― Here, my word is law.

Declension

Declension of शासन (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	शासन śāsan	शासन śāsan
oblique	शासन śāsan	शासनों śāsanõ
vocative	शासन śāsan	शासनो śāsano

Synonyms

• राज्य (rājya)
• हुकूमत (hukūmat)

Related terms

• शासनकाल (śāsankāl)
• शासनहीन (śāsanhīn)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “शासन”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শাসন (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬵᬲᬦ (Balinese script)
• শাসন (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰯𑰭𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀸𑀲𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ၐာသန (Burmese script)
• શાસન (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ਾਸਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑌾𑌸𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦴꦱꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂰𑂮𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಶಾಸನ (Kannada script)
• ឝាសន (Khmer script)
• ຨາສນ (Lao script)
• ശാസന (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘰𑘭𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠠᢗᠰᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧑𑧍𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐵𑐳𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଶାସନ (Odia script)
• ꢯꢵꢱꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆳𑆱𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖯𑖭𑖡 (Siddham script)
• ශාසන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩛𑪁𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚭𑚨𑚝 (Takri script)
• ஶாஸந (Tamil script)
• శాసన (Telugu script)
• ศาสน (Thai script)
• ཤཱ་ས་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒰𑒮𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨊𑨰𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root शास् (śās, “to order, command, direct”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɑː.sɐ.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɑː.s̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

Noun

शासन • (śāsana) stem, n

1. order, edict, command
2. a shastra, scripture
3. government, ruling

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शासन

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शासनम् (śāsanam)	शासने (śāsane)	शासनानि (śāsanāni) शासना¹ (śāsanā¹)
accusative	शासनम् (śāsanam)	शासने (śāsane)	शासनानि (śāsanāni) शासना¹ (śāsanā¹)
instrumental	शासनेन (śāsanena)	शासनाभ्याम् (śāsanābhyām)	शासनैः (śāsanaiḥ) शासनेभिः¹ (śāsanebhiḥ¹)
dative	शासनाय (śāsanāya)	शासनाभ्याम् (śāsanābhyām)	शासनेभ्यः (śāsanebhyaḥ)
ablative	शासनात् (śāsanāt)	शासनाभ्याम् (śāsanābhyām)	शासनेभ्यः (śāsanebhyaḥ)
genitive	शासनस्य (śāsanasya)	शासनयोः (śāsanayoḥ)	शासनानाम् (śāsanānām)
locative	शासने (śāsane)	शासनयोः (śāsanayoḥ)	शासनेषु (śāsaneṣu)
vocative	शासन (śāsana)	शासने (śāsane)	शासनानि (śāsanāni) शासना¹ (śāsanā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

दुःशासन (duḥśāsana, “difficult to rule”)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀡 (sāsaṇa)
  • Central:
    • Hindustani: sāsan
      • Hindi: सासन
      • Urdu: ساسَن
  • Eastern:
    • Assamese: সাহোন (xahün)
  • Southern:
    • Sinhalese: සසුන් (sasun), හසුන් (hasun), අසුන (asuna)
  • Western:
    • Gujarati: સાંસણી (sā̃sṇī)

Borrowed terms

• → Marathi: शासन (śāsan)
• → Gujarati: શાસન (śāsan)
• → Hindi: शासन (śāsan)
• → Classical Mongolian: ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ (šasin)
  • Mongolian: ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ (šasin), шашин (šašin)
    • → Southern Altai: шајын (šaǰïn)
    • → Tuvan: шажын (şajın)
  • → Buryat: ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ (šasin), шажан (šažan)
• → Old Javanese: śāsana
• → Malayalam: ശാസനം (śāsanaṁ)
• → Odia: ଶାସନ (śāsana)
• Pali: sāsana
  • → Burmese: သာသနာ (sasa.na)
  • → Malay: sasana
    • → Indonesian: sasana
  • → Khmer: សាសនា (saasnaa)
  • → Lao: ສາດສະໜາ (sāt sa nā)
  • → Mon: သာသၞာ
  • → Shan: သႃႇသၼႃႇ (sàa sǎ nàa)
  • → Thai: ศาสนา (sàat-sà-nǎa)
• → Tamil: சாசனம் (cācaṉam)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śāsana”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press