सर्पति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সৰ্পতি (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬃᬧᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• সর্পতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰨𑰿𑰢𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀧𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• သရ်္ပတိ (Burmese script)
• સર્પતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਸਰ੍ਪਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌰𑍍𑌪𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦂꦥꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂩𑂹𑂣𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಸರ್ಪತಿ (Kannada script)
• សប៌តិ (Khmer script)
• ສຣ຺ປຕິ (Lao script)
• സര്പതി (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠᡵᢒᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘨𑘿𑘢𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᠷᢒᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧈𑧠𑧂𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐬𑑂𑐥𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ସର୍ପତି (Odia script)
• ꢱꢬ꣄ꢦꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆫𑇀𑆥𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖨𑖿𑖢𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• සර්‍පති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩼 𑪙𑩰𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚤𑚶𑚞𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• ஸர்பதி (Tamil script)
• సర్పతి (Telugu script)
• สรฺปติ (Thai script)
• ས་རྤ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒩𑓂𑒣𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨫𑩇𑨞𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sárpati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sárpati, from Proto-Indo-European *sérpeti. Cognate with Latin serpō (“to crawl, creep”) and Ancient Greek ἕρπω (hérpō, “to move slowly, creep, crawl”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́ɾ.pɐ.ti/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐɾ.pɐ.t̪i/

Verb

सर्प॑ति • (sárpati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root सृप्)

1. to creep, crawl, glide, slink
2. to move gently, cautiously
3. to slip into
4. to glide noiselessly with bowed head and hand in hand

Conjugation

Present: सर्प॑ति (sárpati), सर्प॑ते (sárpate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	सर्प॑ति sárpati	सर्प॑तः sárpataḥ	सर्प॑न्ति sárpanti	सर्प॑ते sárpate	सर्पे॑ते sárpete	सर्प॑न्ते sárpante
Second	सर्प॑सि sárpasi	सर्प॑थः sárpathaḥ	सर्प॑थ sárpatha	सर्प॑से sárpase	सर्पे॑थे sárpethe	सर्प॑ध्वे sárpadhve
First	सर्पा॑मि sárpāmi	सर्पा॑वः sárpāvaḥ	सर्पा॑मः / सर्पा॑मसि¹ sárpāmaḥ / sárpāmasi¹	सर्पे॑ sárpe	सर्पा॑वहे sárpāvahe	सर्पा॑महे sárpāmahe
Imperative
Third	सर्प॑तु sárpatu	सर्प॑ताम् sárpatām	सर्प॑न्तु sárpantu	सर्प॑ताम् sárpatām	सर्पे॑ताम् sárpetām	सर्प॑न्ताम् sárpantām
Second	सर्प॑ sárpa	सर्प॑तम् sárpatam	सर्प॑त sárpata	सर्प॑स्व sárpasva	सर्पे॑थाम् sárpethām	सर्प॑ध्वम् sárpadhvam
First	सर्पा॑णि sárpāṇi	सर्पा॑व sárpāva	सर्पा॑म sárpāma	सर्पै॑ sárpai	सर्पा॑वहै sárpāvahai	सर्पा॑महै sárpāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	सर्पे॑त् sárpet	सर्पे॑ताम् sárpetām	सर्पे॑युः sárpeyuḥ	सर्पे॑त sárpeta	सर्पे॑याताम् sárpeyātām	सर्पे॑रन् sárperan
Second	सर्पेः॑ sárpeḥ	सर्पे॑तम् sárpetam	सर्पे॑त sárpeta	सर्पे॑थाः sárpethāḥ	सर्पे॑याथाम् sárpeyāthām	सर्पे॑ध्वम् sárpedhvam
First	सर्पे॑यम् sárpeyam	सर्पे॑व sárpeva	सर्पे॑म sárpema	सर्पे॑य sárpeya	सर्पे॑वहि sárpevahi	सर्पे॑महि sárpemahi
Subjunctive
Third	सर्पा॑त् / सर्पा॑ति sárpāt / sárpāti	सर्पा॑तः sárpātaḥ	सर्पा॑न् sárpān	सर्पा॑ते / सर्पा॑तै sárpāte / sárpātai	सर्पै॑ते sárpaite	सर्प॑न्त / सर्पा॑न्तै sárpanta / sárpāntai
Second	सर्पाः॑ / सर्पा॑सि sárpāḥ / sárpāsi	सर्पा॑थः sárpāthaḥ	सर्पा॑थ sárpātha	सर्पा॑से / सर्पा॑सै sárpāse / sárpāsai	सर्पै॑थे sárpaithe	सर्पा॑ध्वै sárpādhvai
First	सर्पा॑णि sárpāṇi	सर्पा॑व sárpāva	सर्पा॑म sárpāma	सर्पै॑ sárpai	सर्पा॑वहै sárpāvahai	सर्पा॑महै sárpāmahai
Participles
	सर्प॑त् sárpat			सर्प॑माण sárpamāṇa
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अस॑र्पत् (ásarpat), अस॑र्पत (ásarpata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अस॑र्पत् ásarpat	अस॑र्पताम् ásarpatām	अस॑र्पन् ásarpan	अस॑र्पत ásarpata	अस॑र्पेताम् ásarpetām	अस॑र्पन्त ásarpanta
Second	अस॑र्पः ásarpaḥ	अस॑र्पतम् ásarpatam	अस॑र्पत ásarpata	अस॑र्पथाः ásarpathāḥ	अस॑र्पेथाम् ásarpethām	अस॑र्पध्वम् ásarpadhvam
First	अस॑र्पम् ásarpam	अस॑र्पाव ásarpāva	अस॑र्पाम ásarpāma	अस॑र्पे ásarpe	अस॑र्पावहि ásarpāvahi	अस॑र्पामहि ásarpāmahi

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “सृप्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1245.
• William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 190

• Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “सृप्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “सृप्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 359
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*serp-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 536
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), “serp-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume IV, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 912