हम

See also: ह्म, हामी, and हिम

Bhojpuri

Etymology

From Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).

Pronoun

हम (ham) (genitive हमार, oblique हमरा)

1. I

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Garhwali

Pronoun

हम (ham)

1. plural of मि (mi); we

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Hindi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦəm/

Etymology 1

From Old Hindi हम (hama), हंम (haṃma), from Sauraseni Apabhramsa अम्हि (amhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme) (locative of वयम् (vayam, “we”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *asmáy, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé. Compare Punjabi ਅਸੀਂ (asī̃), Assamese আমি (ami),Marathi आम्ही (āmhī), Konkani आमि.

Pronoun

हम • (ham) m or f (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

1. we: first-person plural personal pronoun, plural of मैं (ma͠i)

   हम बहुत पहले से एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं‌।

   ham bahut pahle se ek-dūsre ko jānte ha͠i‌.

   We've known each other for a long time.

2. (Varanasi, Awadh, colloquial in Standard Hindi) I: first-person personal singular personal pronoun

   Synonym: मैं (ma͠i)

Usage notes

Because हम (ham) can mean both "we" and "I", sometimes हम लोग (ham log, “we people”) is used to specifically denote the plural. Usually context makes it clear when हम (ham) is being used for "we" or for "I". It is inflected and used grammatically the same for both meanings.

Most Eastern Hindi dialects only use हम (ham) as "I", and a variant of हम लोग (ham log) for "we".

Declension

Declension of हम
direct	हम (ham)
indirect	हम (ham)
ergative	हमने (hamne)
genitive	हमारा (hamārā)
dative	हमें (hamẽ) , हमको (hamko)

Derived terms

• हमाहमी (hamāhamī)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian هم‎ (ham), from Middle Persian hm (ham), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎶 (hama), from Proto-Iranian *hamHáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *samHás, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Adverb

हम • (ham) (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

1. (rare) also, as well, likewise

Conjunction

हम • (ham) (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

1. (rare) whether, either

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “हम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884), “हम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & co.

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Old Hindi

Alternative forms

• हंम (haṃma)

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).

Pronoun

हम (hama)

1. we

Descendants

• Hindi: हम (ham)