ἀγών
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Corresponding noun of Ancient Greek ἀγείρω (ageírō, “to gather”), with later senses from ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”). Compare Sanskrit गण (gaṇa, “troop, gang, flock, tribe, assembly, company”); Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (agorā́, “assembly”), Sanskrit ग्राम (grāma, “multitude, troop, assembly, collective”); Sanskrit आजि (ājí, “race, competition, battle”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ɡɔ̌ːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈɡon/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈɣon/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈɣon/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈɣon/
Noun
[edit]ᾰ̓γών • (agṓn) m (genitive ᾰ̓γῶνος); third declension
- a gathering, an assembly
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.257–258:
- αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς αὐτοῦ λαὸν ἔρυκε καὶ ἵζανεν εὐρὺν ἀγῶνα
- autàr Akhilleùs autoû laòn éruke kaì hízanen eurùn agôna
- Translation by A. T. Murray
- But Achilles stayed the folk even where they were, and made them to sit in a wide gathering
- αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς αὐτοῦ λαὸν ἔρυκε καὶ ἵζανεν εὐρὺν ἀγῶνα
- a contest, competition
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ᾰ̓γών ho agṓn |
τὼ ᾰ̓γῶνε tṑ agône |
οἱ ᾰ̓γῶνες hoi agônes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ᾰ̓γῶνος toû agônos |
τοῖν ᾰ̓γώνοιν toîn agṓnoin |
τῶν ᾰ̓γώνων tôn agṓnōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ᾰ̓γῶνῐ tôi agôni |
τοῖν ᾰ̓γώνοιν toîn agṓnoin |
τοῖς ᾰ̓γῶσῐ / ᾰ̓γῶσῐν toîs agôsi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ᾰ̓γῶνᾰ tòn agôna |
τὼ ᾰ̓γῶνε tṑ agône |
τοὺς ᾰ̓γῶνᾰς toùs agônas | ||||||||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓γών agṓn |
ᾰ̓γῶνε agône |
ᾰ̓γῶνες agônes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- ἀγωνία (agōnía)
- ἀγωνίζομαι (agōnízomai)
- ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs)
Descendants
[edit]- → Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac: ܐܓܘܢܐ (ʾaggōnāʾ)
- → Old Armenian: ագոն (agon)
- Armenian: ագոն (agon)
- → Coptic: ⲁⲅⲱⲛ (agōn)
- → Greek: αγών (agón), αγώνας (agónas) (learned)
- → Latin: agon
Further reading
[edit]- “ἀγών”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀγών”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀγών”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀγών in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀγών in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἀγών in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἀγών”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G73 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- action idem, page 9.
- arena idem, page 39.
- argument idem, page 39.
- athletic idem, page 49.
- battle idem, page 65.
- bet idem, page 76.
- bout idem, page 91.
- brawl idem, page 94.
- case idem, page 116.
- cause idem, page 118.
- combat idem, page 144.
- competition idem, page 151.
- conflict idem, page 159.
- contention idem, page 167.
- contest idem, page 168.
- crisis idem, page 184.
- danger idem, page 194.
- discussion idem, page 232.
- disputation idem, page 238.
- emulation idem, page 269.
- encounter idem, page 271.
- engagement idem, page 274.
- field idem, page 317.
- fight idem, page 318.
- fray idem, page 343.
- game idem, page 353.
- hazard idem, page 389.
- issue idem, page 461.
- judgment idem, page 465.
- lawsuit idem, page 480.
- lists idem, page 494.
- litigation idem, page 495.
- match idem, page 517.
- ordeal idem, page 578.
- peril idem, page 607.
- point idem, page 623.
- quarrel idem, page 663.
- question idem, page 665.
- race idem, page 667.
- ring idem, page 716.
- risk idem, page 717.
- rivalry idem, page 718.
- scramble idem, page 741.
- scuffle idem, page 743.
- stake idem, page 809.
- strife idem, page 825.
- struggle idem, page 828.
- suit idem, page 836.
- tournament idem, page 884.
- trial idem, page 893.
- tribulation idem, page 894.
- tug idem, page 900.
- tussle idem, page 903.
- undecided idem, page 912.
- venture idem, page 947.
- wager idem, page 959.
- “ἀγών”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eǵ-
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations