ἀλλότριος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ᾰ̓́λλοτρῐς (ắllotrĭs) — Koine
• ᾰ̓λλότερρος (ăllóterrhos) — Aeolic
• αἰλότρῐος (ailótrĭos) — Elean
• ᾰ̓λλόττρῐος (ăllóttrĭos) — Cretan

Etymology

From ᾰ̓́λλος (ắllos, “other”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /al.ló.tri.os/ → /alˈlo.tri.os/ → /aˈlo.tri.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /al.ló.tri.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /alˈlo.tri.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /alˈlo.tri.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /alˈlo.tri.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈlo.tri.os/

Adjective

ᾰ̓λλότρῐος • (ăllótrĭos) m (feminine ᾰ̓λλοτρίᾱ, neuter ᾰ̓λλότρῐον); first/second declension

1. of or belonging to another
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.160
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.535
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.298
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 448
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.452
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.347
   • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 146
   • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1259
   • 399 BCE, Plato, Euthyphro 4B
   • 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 392
   • c. 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 599
   • 431 BCE – 404 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.70
   • 360 BCE, Xenophon, Agesilaus 4.1
   • Theopompus Comicus, Collected Works 34
2. foreign; strange; alien
   1. (of persons)
      • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 18.219
      • 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 481
      • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.214
      • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.102
      • 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.155
      • 399 BCE, Plato, Euthyphro 4B
      • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Ergocles 6
      • 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, The Girl who has her hair cropped 2
      • 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.119
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1162A.3
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Plataicus 51
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 28.4.4
      • 36 BCE – 30 BCE, Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library 16.65
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 36.15.7
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 36.15.2
   2. (of things)
      • 375 BCE, Plato, The Republic 491D
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 185
      • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Funeral Oration 6
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Helen 50
      • 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.73
      • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Philon 34
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 182
      1. foreign to the subject; not to the purpose
         • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Eudemian Ethics 1218B.23
         • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1159B.24
         • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories 15B.29
3. (adverbial)
   • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Olympic Oration 1
   • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panathenaicus 159
   • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, To Philip 80
   • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 9
   1. strangely; marvelously

Declension

First and second declension of ᾰ̓λλότρῐος; ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ; ᾰ̓λλότρῐον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐος ăllótrĭos	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλότρῐοι ăllótrĭoi	ᾰ̓λλότρῐαι ăllótrĭai	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Genitive		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ου ăllotrĭ́ou	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱς ăllotrĭ́ās	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ου ăllotrĭ́ou		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αιν ăllotrĭ́ain	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn
Dative		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῳ ăllotrĭ́ōi	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾳ ăllotrĭ́āi	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῳ ăllotrĭ́ōi		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αιν ăllotrĭ́ain	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οις ăllotrĭ́ois	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αις ăllotrĭ́ais	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οις ăllotrĭ́ois
Accusative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱν ăllotrĭ́ān	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ους ăllotrĭ́ous	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱς ăllotrĭ́ās	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Vocative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐε ăllótrĭe	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλότρῐοι ăllótrĭoi	ᾰ̓λλότρῐαι ăllótrĭai	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ως ăllotrĭ́ōs				ᾰ̓λλοτρῐώτερος ăllotrĭṓteros				ᾰ̓λλοτρῐώτᾰτος ăllotrĭṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of ᾰ̓λλότρῐος; ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́η; ᾰ̓λλότρῐον (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐος ăllótrĭos	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́η ăllotrĭ́ē	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλότρῐοι ăllótrĭoi	ᾰ̓λλότρῐαι ăllótrĭai	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Genitive		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιο ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ου ăllotrĭ́oio ăllotrĭ́ou	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ης ăllotrĭ́ēs	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιο ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ου ăllotrĭ́oio ăllotrĭ́ou		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιῐ̈ν ăllotrĭ́oiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αιῐ̈ν ăllotrĭ́aiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιῐ̈ν ăllotrĭ́oiĭ̈n		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐᾱ́ων ᾰ̓λλοτρῐέων ᾰ̓λλοτρῐῶν ăllotrĭā́ōn ăllotrĭéōn ăllotrĭôn	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn
Dative		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῳ ăllotrĭ́ōi	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃ ăllotrĭ́ēi	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῳ ăllotrĭ́ōi		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιῐ̈ν ăllotrĭ́oiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αιῐ̈ν ăllotrĭ́aiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιῐ̈ν ăllotrĭ́oiĭ̈n		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐ ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐν ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οις ăllotrĭ́oisĭ(n) ăllotrĭ́ois	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃσῐ ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃσῐν ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃς ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αις ăllotrĭ́ēisĭ(n) ăllotrĭ́ēis ăllotrĭ́ais	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐ ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐν ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οις ăllotrĭ́oisĭ(n) ăllotrĭ́ois
Accusative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ην ăllotrĭ́ēn	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ους ăllotrĭ́ous	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱς ăllotrĭ́ās	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Vocative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐε ăllótrĭe	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́η ăllotrĭ́ē	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλότρῐοι ăllótrĭoi	ᾰ̓λλότρῐαι ăllótrĭai	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ως ăllotrĭ́ōs				—				—
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First and second declension of ᾰ̓λλότρῐος; ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́η; ᾰ̓λλότρῐον (Ionic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐος ăllótrĭos	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́η ăllotrĭ́ē	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλότρῐοι ăllótrĭoi	ᾰ̓λλότρῐαι ăllótrĭai	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Genitive		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ου ăllotrĭ́ou	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ης ăllotrĭ́ēs	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ου ăllotrĭ́ou		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αιν ăllotrĭ́ain	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐέων ᾰ̓λλοτρῐῶν ăllotrĭéōn ăllotrĭôn	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ων ăllotrĭ́ōn
Dative		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῳ ăllotrĭ́ōi	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃ ăllotrĭ́ēi	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῳ ăllotrĭ́ōi		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́αιν ăllotrĭ́ain	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οιν ăllotrĭ́oin		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐ ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐν ăllotrĭ́oisĭ(n)	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃσῐ ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ῃσῐν ăllotrĭ́ēisĭ(n)	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐ ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́οισῐν ăllotrĭ́oisĭ(n)
Accusative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ην ăllotrĭ́ēn	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ους ăllotrĭ́ous	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱς ăllotrĭ́ās	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Vocative		ᾰ̓λλότρῐε ăllótrĭe	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́η ăllotrĭ́ē	ᾰ̓λλότρῐον ăllótrĭon		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ᾱ ăllotrĭ́ā	ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ω ăllotrĭ́ō		ᾰ̓λλότρῐοι ăllótrĭoi	ᾰ̓λλότρῐαι ăllótrĭai	ᾰ̓λλότρῐᾰ ăllótrĭă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̓λλοτρῐ́ως ăllotrĭ́ōs				ᾰ̓λλοτρῐώτερος ăllotrĭṓteros				ᾰ̓λλοτρῐώτᾰτος ăllotrĭṓtătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ᾰ̓λλοτρῐᾰ́ζω (ăllotrĭắzō)
• ᾰ̓λλοτρῐόω (ăllotrĭóō)

Descendants

• German: Allotria
• Italian: allotrio

Further reading

• “ἀλλότριος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀλλότριος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀλλότριος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “ἀλλότριος” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀλλότριος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἀλλότριος” in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• “ἀλλότριος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G245 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • alien idem, page 22.
  • another idem, page 31.
  • estrange idem, page 284.
  • external idem, page 296.
  • extraneous idem, page 297.
  • foreign idem, page 336.
  • other idem, page 581.
  • strange idem, page 823.
  • variance idem, page 944.