ἀρχαῖος

See also: αρχαίος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “beginning”) +‎ -ιος (-ios, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ar.kʰâi̯.os/ → /arˈçɛ.os/ → /arˈçe.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ar.kʰâi̯.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /arˈkʰɛ.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /arˈçɛ.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /arˈçe.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /arˈçe.os/

Adjective

ᾰ̓ρχαῖος • (ărkhaîos) m (feminine ᾰ̓ρχαία, neuter ᾰ̓ρχαῖον); first/second declension

1. pertaining to the beginning
2. ancient, primeval

Declension

First and second declension of ᾰ̓ρχαῖος; ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱ; ᾰ̓ρχαῖον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓ρχαῖος ărkhaîos	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱ ărkhaíā	ᾰ̓ρχαῖον ărkhaîon		ᾰ̓ρχαίω ărkhaíō	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱ ărkhaíā	ᾰ̓ρχαίω ărkhaíō		ᾰ̓ρχαῖοι ărkhaîoi	ᾰ̓ρχαῖαι ărkhaîai	ᾰ̓ρχαῖᾰ ărkhaîă
Genitive		ᾰ̓ρχαίου ărkhaíou	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱς ărkhaíās	ᾰ̓ρχαίου ărkhaíou		ᾰ̓ρχαίοιν ărkhaíoin	ᾰ̓ρχαίαιν ărkhaíain	ᾰ̓ρχαίοιν ărkhaíoin		ᾰ̓ρχαίων ărkhaíōn	ᾰ̓ρχαίων ărkhaíōn	ᾰ̓ρχαίων ărkhaíōn
Dative		ᾰ̓ρχαίῳ ărkhaíōi	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾳ ărkhaíāi	ᾰ̓ρχαίῳ ărkhaíōi		ᾰ̓ρχαίοιν ărkhaíoin	ᾰ̓ρχαίαιν ărkhaíain	ᾰ̓ρχαίοιν ărkhaíoin		ᾰ̓ρχαίοις ărkhaíois	ᾰ̓ρχαίαις ărkhaíais	ᾰ̓ρχαίοις ărkhaíois
Accusative		ᾰ̓ρχαῖον ărkhaîon	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱν ărkhaíān	ᾰ̓ρχαῖον ărkhaîon		ᾰ̓ρχαίω ărkhaíō	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱ ărkhaíā	ᾰ̓ρχαίω ărkhaíō		ᾰ̓ρχαίους ărkhaíous	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱς ărkhaíās	ᾰ̓ρχαῖᾰ ărkhaîă
Vocative		ᾰ̓ρχαῖε ărkhaîe	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱ ărkhaíā	ᾰ̓ρχαῖον ărkhaîon		ᾰ̓ρχαίω ărkhaíō	ᾰ̓ρχαίᾱ ărkhaíā	ᾰ̓ρχαίω ărkhaíō		ᾰ̓ρχαῖοι ărkhaîoi	ᾰ̓ρχαῖαι ărkhaîai	ᾰ̓ρχαῖᾰ ărkhaîă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̓ρχαίως ărkhaíōs				ᾰ̓ρχαιότερος ărkhaióteros				ᾰ̓ρχαιότᾰτος ărkhaiótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀρχαιολογίᾱ (arkhaiologíā)
• ἀρχαιότης (arkhaiótēs)
• ἀρχαιότροπος (arkhaiótropos)

Descendants

• Greek: αρχαίος (archaíos)
• ⇒ Catalan: arqueà, Arqueà
• ⇒ English: Archaean
• ⇒ French: archéen, Archéen
• ⇒ Italian: archeano, Archeano
• → Latin: archaeus
• ⇒ Portuguese: arqueano, Arqueano
• → Russian: архе́й (arxéj)
• ⇒ Spanish: arqueano, Arqueano
• → Ukrainian: архе́й (arxéj)

See also

• γεραιός (geraiós)
• παλαιός (palaiós)

Further reading

• “ἀρχαῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀρχαῖος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• ἀρχαῖος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀρχαῖος in Pape, Wilhelm (1914), Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache‎^[1] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
• “ἀρχαῖος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• “ἀρχαῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G744 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ancient idem, page 29.
  • antiquated idem, page 32.
  • antique idem, page 32.
  • by-gone idem, page 107.
  • date idem, page 196.
  • disuse idem, page 243.
  • early idem, page 258.
  • effete idem, page 262.
  • fashion idem, page 308.
  • former idem, page 339.
  • hackneyed idem, page 380.
  • immemorial idem, page 417.
  • obsolete idem, page 567.
  • old idem, page 572.
  • old-fashioned idem, page 572.
  • original idem, page 579.
  • played out idem, page 619.
  • primeval idem, page 641.
  • primitive idem, page 641.
  • primordial idem, page 641.
  • pristine idem, page 642.
  • stale idem, page 809.
  • superannuated idem, page 838.
  • threadbare idem, page 869.
  • trite idem, page 896.
  • unfashionable idem, page 917.
• ἀρχαῖος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011