ἀστήρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *astḗr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Cognates include Latin stēlla, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō), English star, Dutch ster, German Stern, Danish stjerne, Swedish stjärna, Icelandic stjarna, Old Armenian աստղ (astł), Persian ستاره‎ (setâre) and Sanskrit तारा (tārā).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /as.tɛ̌ːr/ → /asˈtir/ → /asˈtir/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /as.tɛ̌ːr/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /asˈte̝r/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /asˈtir/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /asˈtir/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /asˈtir/

Noun

ᾰ̓στήρ • (astḗr) m (genitive ᾰ̓στέρος); third declension

1. a celestial body (star, planet, and other lights in the sky such as meteors).
2. illustrious person
3. starfish
4. a type of songbird

Declension

Third declension of ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ; τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ ho astḗr	τὼ ᾰ̓στέρε tṑ astére	οἱ ᾰ̓στέρες hoi astéres
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος toû astéros	τοῖν ᾰ̓στέροιν toîn astéroin	τῶν ᾰ̓στέρων tôn astérōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓στέρῐ tôi astéri	τοῖν ᾰ̓στέροιν toîn astéroin	τοῖς ᾰ̓́στρᾰσῐ / ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐ toîs ástrasi / astrási
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓στέρᾰ tòn astéra	τὼ ᾰ̓στέρε tṑ astére	τοὺς ᾰ̓στέρᾰς toùs astéras
Vocative	ᾰ̓στήρ astḗr	ᾰ̓στέρε astére	ᾰ̓στέρες astéres
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• ᾰ̓́στρον (ástron)

Derived terms

• ἀστ(ε)ρίζω (ast(e)rízō)
• ἀστ(ε)ρῐκός (ast(e)rikós)
• ἀστέρῐος, -ον (astérios, -on)
• ἀστερίσκος (asterískos)
• ἀστερόεις (asteróeis)

 

Descendants

• ⇒ Greek: αστέρας (astéras)
• → Latin: astēr
  • → English: aster
  • Translingual: Aster, Cometaster, Thalassianthus aster

Further reading

• “ἀστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀστήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀστήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἀστήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀστήρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
• “ἀστήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G792 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • star idem, page 811.