ἀστήρ

See also: Appendix:Variations of "aster"

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *astḗr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.

Cognates include Latin stēlla, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō), English star, Dutch ster, German Stern, Danish stjerne, Swedish stjärna, Icelandic stjarna, Old Armenian աստղ (astł), Persian ستاره (setâre) and Sanskrit तारा॑ (tā́rā).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /as.tɛ̌ːr/ → /asˈtir/ → /asˈtir/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /as.tɛ̌ːr/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /asˈte̝r/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /asˈtir/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /asˈtir/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /asˈtir/

Noun

ᾰ̓στήρ • (ăstḗr) m (genitive ᾰ̓στέρος); third declension

1. a celestial body (star, planet or other visible celestial object)

   Synonym: ᾰ̓́στρον (ắstron)

2. illustrious person
3. starfish
4. a type of songbird

Declension

Third declension of ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ; τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ ho ăstḗr	τὼ ᾰ̓στέρε tṑ ăstére	οἱ ᾰ̓στέρες hoi ăstéres
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος toû ăstéros	τοῖν ᾰ̓στέροιν toîn ăstéroin	τῶν ᾰ̓στέρων tôn ăstérōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓στέρῐ tōî ăstérĭ	τοῖν ᾰ̓στέροιν toîn ăstéroin	τοῖς ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐ / ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐν toîs ăstrắsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓στέρᾰ tòn ăstéră	τὼ ᾰ̓στέρε tṑ ăstére	τοὺς ᾰ̓στέρᾰς toùs ăstérăs
Vocative	ᾰ̓́στερ ắster	ᾰ̓στέρε ăstére	ᾰ̓στέρες ăstéres
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ᾰ̓στήρ; ᾰ̓στέρος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ᾰ̓στήρ ăstḗr	ᾰ̓στέρε ăstére	ᾰ̓στέρες ăstéres
Genitive	ᾰ̓στέρος ăstéros	ᾰ̓στέροιῐ̈ν ăstéroiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓στέρων ăstérōn
Dative	ᾰ̓στέρῐ ăstérĭ	ᾰ̓στέροιῐ̈ν ăstéroiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐ / ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐν / ᾰ̓στέρεσσῐ / ᾰ̓στέρεσσῐν ăstrắsĭ(n) / ăstéressĭ(n)
Accusative	ᾰ̓στέρᾰ ăstéră	ᾰ̓στέρε ăstére	ᾰ̓στέρᾰς ăstérăs
Vocative	ᾰ̓́στερ ắster	ᾰ̓στέρε ăstére	ᾰ̓στέρες ăstéres
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ; τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ ho ăstḗr	τὼ ᾰ̓στέρε tṑ ăstére	οἱ ᾰ̓στέρες hoi ăstéres
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος toû ăstéros	τοῖν ᾰ̓στέροιν toîn ăstéroin	τῶν ᾰ̓στέρων tôn ăstérōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓στέρῐ tōî ăstérĭ	τοῖν ᾰ̓στέροιν toîn ăstéroin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐ / ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐν toîsĭ(n) ăstrắsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓στέρᾰ tòn ăstéră	τὼ ᾰ̓στέρε tṑ ăstére	τοὺς ᾰ̓στέρᾰς toùs ăstérăs
Vocative	ᾰ̓́στερ ắster	ᾰ̓στέρε ăstére	ᾰ̓στέρες ăstéres
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ; τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος (Koine)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓στήρ ho ăstḗr	οἱ ᾰ̓στέρες hoi ăstéres
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓στέρος toû ăstéros	τῶν ᾰ̓στέρων tôn ăstérōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓στέρῐ tōî ăstérĭ	τοῖς ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐ / ᾰ̓στρᾰ́σῐν / ᾰ̓́στρᾰσῐ / ᾰ̓́στρᾰσῐν / ᾰ̓στῆρσῐ / ᾰ̓στῆρσῐν / ᾰ̓στέροις toîs ăstrắsĭ(n) / ắstrăsĭ(n) / ăstêrsĭ(n) / ăstérois
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓στέρᾰ tòn ăstéră	τοὺς ᾰ̓στέρᾰς toùs ăstérăs
Vocative	ᾰ̓́στερ ắster	ᾰ̓στέρες ăstéres

Derived terms

• ᾰ̓́νᾰστρος (ắnăstros)
• ᾰ̓στ(ε)ρῐ́ζω (ăst(e)rĭ́zō)
• ᾰ̓στ(ε)ρῐκός (ăst(e)rĭkós)
• ᾰ̓στέρῐον (ăstérĭon)
• ᾰ̓στέρῐος (ăstérĭos)
• ᾰ̓στερῐ́σκῐον (ăsterĭ́skĭon)
• ᾰ̓στερῐ́σκος (ăsterĭ́skos)
• ᾰ̓στερόεις (ăsteróeis)
• ἔνᾰστρος (énăstros)

Descendants

• ⇒ Greek: αστέρας (astéras)
• → Latin: astēr (see there for further descendants)
• → Translingual: -aster

Further reading

• “ἀστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀστήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀστήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἀστήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀστήρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• “ἀστήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G792 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • star idem, page 811.
• ἀστήρ, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011