ἄροτρον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἄρατρον (áratron) — Cretan

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *árotron, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trom, from *h₂erh₃- +‎ *-trom; equivalent to ἀρόω (aróō, “to plough”) +‎ -τρον (-tron, instrument noun suffix). Cognates include Latin arātrum, Old Armenian արաւր (arawr) and Old Norse arðr (→ modern English ard).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.ro.tron/ → /ˈa.ro.tron/ → /ˈa.ro.tron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.ro.tron/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/

Noun

ᾰ̓́ροτρον • (ắrotron) n (genitive ᾰ̓ρότρου); second declension

1. plough
   1. (figuratively, in the plural) the organs of generation

Declension

Second declension of τὸ ᾰ̓́ροτρον; τοῦ ᾰ̓ρότρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ᾰ̓́ροτρον tò ắrotron	τὼ ᾰ̓ρότρω tṑ ărótrō	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́ροτρᾰ tằ ắrotră
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓ρότρου toû ărótrou	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρότροιν toîn ărótroin	τῶν ᾰ̓ρότρων tôn ărótrōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓ρότρῳ tōî ărótrōi	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρότροιν toîn ărótroin	τοῖς ᾰ̓ρότροις toîs ărótrois
Accusative	τὸ ᾰ̓́ροτρον tò ắrotron	τὼ ᾰ̓ρότρω tṑ ărótrō	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́ροτρᾰ tằ ắrotră
Vocative	ᾰ̓́ροτρον ắrotron	ᾰ̓ρότρω ărótrō	ᾰ̓́ροτρᾰ ắrotră
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• ἀρόω (aróō)

Descendants

• Greek: άροτρο (árotro)
• ⇒ Translingual: Arotrobates

Further reading

• “ἄροτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄροτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἄροτρον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἄροτρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄροτρον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἄροτρον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• “ἄροτρον”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G723 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • plough idem, page 621.