Ἰησοῦς

See also: Ιησούς and ΙΗΣΟΥΣ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Hellenized form of Semitic proper name roughly equivalent to Ἰησοῦ (Iēsoû) +‎ -ς (-s); Hellenic case suffixes added to an approximated Greek literal phonetic rendering of Aramaic יֵשׁוּע (Yēšū́ʿ, “Jesus”) and Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (Yēšū́a, “Jesus” or “Joshua”), a syncopated relative of Biblical Hebrew יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yĕhōšúa, “Joshua”); ultimately can be traced to Paleo-Hebrew primitive root Biblical Hebrew 𐤉𐤔𐤏 (y-š-ʕ, “to deliver, save”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/ → /i.iˈsus/

• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /i.e̝ˈsus/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/

•  Hyphenation: Ἰ‧η‧σοῦς

Proper noun

Ἰησοῦς • (Iēsoûs) m (genitive Ἰησοῦ); second declension

1. (biblical, Christianity, New Testament) Jesus, Jeshua, Yeshua
2. (biblical, Judaism, Hebrew Bible (Septuagint)) Joshua, Jehoshua, Yehoshua

Usage notes

• The Septuagint uses Ἰησοῖ (Iēsoî) as the dative, while the New Testament uses Ἰησοῦ (Iēsoû). Otherwise declined as a second-declension contracted noun like νοῦς (noûs).

Inflection

Irregular declension of ὁ Ἰησοῦς; τοῦ Ἰησοῦ (Koine)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Ἰησοῦς ho Iēsoûs
Genitive	τοῦ Ἰησοῦ toû Iēsoû
Dative	τῷ Ἰησοῖ / Ἰησοῦ tôi Iēsoî / Iēsoû
Accusative	τὸν Ἰησοῦν tòn Iēsoûn
Vocative	Ἰησοῦ Iēsoû

Descendants

• → Aghwan: 𐔺𐔴𐕚𐕒𐕡𐕚 (yesus)
• → Coptic: ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ (iēsous)
• → Georgian: იესო (ieso)
• → Gothic: 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 (iēsus)
• Greek: Ιησούς (Iisoús)
• Hebrew: יֵשׁוּ
• → Latin: Iēsūs (see there for further descendants), Jēsūs
  • → English: Jesus
• → Old Armenian: Յիսուս (Yisus)
  • Armenian: Հիսուս (Hisus)
• → Old Church Slavonic: їисоусъ (iisusŭ), исоусъ (isusŭ)
  • → Belarusian: Ісу́с (Isús)
  • Bulgarian: Иису́с (Iisús), Ису́с (Isús)
  • → Japanese: イイスス (Iisusu)
  • → Macedonian: Исус (Isus)
  • → Romanian: Iisus, Isus
  • → Pre-reform Russian: Іисусъ (Iisus)
    • Russian: Иисус (Iisus)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: Ìsus, Ѝсус
  • → Ukrainian: Ісу́с (Isús)

References

• “Ἰησοῦς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Ἰησοῦς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G2424 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• LSJ