ὀπίσω

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Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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The usual explanation is to regard the base *ὀπί- (*opí-) < Proto-Hellenic *opí, *opi- < Proto-Indo-European *opí, as an ablaut variant of ἐπί (epí), ἐπι- (epi-) (from Proto-Indo-European *epí).[1][2] Compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀃𐀠 (o-pi, on), Luwian [Term?] (/⁠appi⁠/, back), Latin op- (upon) (in for example operio (to cover)), Lithuanian api- (about).

Dunkel instead derives ὀπίσσω (opíssō) < Proto-Hellenic *opissō < Proto-Indo-European *op-ityo-o (back, later, adverb), from Proto-Indo-European *op-ityo- (hindmost, rear, adjective). Compare Hittite [script needed] (appezziya, later, adverb) and [script needed] (appezziya-, hindmost, rear, adjective). The base is thus Proto-Indo-European *óp, an ablaut variant of *áp (away, back, after, adverb), compare Latin ab (away, from), which fits much better semantically.[3][4]

For the suffix compare πρόσσω (próssō), περισσός (perissós), εἴσω (eísō), and μέτασσαι (métassai, those born later).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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ὀπίσω (opísō)

  1. (of place) backwards
  2. back, back again, by the same way one took
  3. again
  4. (of time) hereafter
  5. following, yet to come

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: πίσω (píso)

Preposition

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ὀπίσω (opísō) (governs the genitive)

  1. after

References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὄπισθεν (> DER > Further ὀπίσ(σ)ω)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1091
  2. ^ Frisk, Hjalmar (1970) “ὀπίσω”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 403-4
  3. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 70
  4. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “āppa”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading

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