ὀστέον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὀστοῦν (ostoûn) — Attic
• ὀστεῦν (osteûn) — poetic
• ὄστιον (óstion) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁. Cognates include Latin os, Sanskrit अस्थि (ásthi), Old Armenian ոսկր (oskr), and Albanian asht.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /os.té.on/ → /osˈte.on/ → /osˈte.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /os.té.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /osˈte.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /osˈte.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /osˈte.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /osˈte.on/

Noun

ὀστέον • (ostéon) n (genitive ὀστέου); second declension

1. bone
2. (figuratively) bones of the earth: rock
3. stone of fruit

Declension

Second declension of τὸ ὀστέον; τοῦ ὀστέου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὀστέον tò ostéon	τὼ ὀστέω tṑ ostéō	τᾰ̀ ὀστέᾰ tằ ostéă
Genitive	τοῦ ὀστέου toû ostéou	τοῖν ὀστέοιν toîn ostéoin	τῶν ὀστέων tôn ostéōn
Dative	τῷ ὀστέῳ tōî ostéōi	τοῖν ὀστέοιν toîn ostéoin	τοῖς ὀστέοις toîs ostéois
Accusative	τὸ ὀστέον tò ostéon	τὼ ὀστέω tṑ ostéō	τᾰ̀ ὀστέᾰ tằ ostéă
Vocative	ὀστέον ostéon	ὀστέω ostéō	ὀστέᾰ ostéă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὀστέον; ὀστέοιο / ὀστέοο / ὀστέου (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὀστέον ostéon	ὀστέω ostéō	ὀστέᾰ ostéă
Genitive	ὀστέοιο / ὀστέοο / ὀστέου ostéoio / ostéoo / ostéou	ὀστέοιῐ̈ν ostéoiĭ̈n	ὀστέων ostéōn
Dative	ὀστέῳ ostéōi	ὀστέοιῐ̈ν ostéoiĭ̈n	ὀστέοισῐ / ὀστέοισῐν / ὀστέοις ostéoisĭ(n) / ostéois
Accusative	ὀστέον ostéon	ὀστέω ostéō	ὀστέᾰ ostéă
Vocative	ὀστέον ostéon	ὀστέω ostéō	ὀστέᾰ ostéă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Second declension of τὸ ὀστέον; τοῦ ὀστέου (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὀστέον tò ostéon	τὼ ὀστέω tṑ ostéō	τᾰ̀ ὀστέᾰ tằ ostéă
Genitive	τοῦ ὀστέου toû ostéou	τοῖν ὀστέοιν toîn ostéoin	τῶν ὀστέων tôn ostéōn
Dative	τῷ ὀστέῳ tōî ostéōi	τοῖν ὀστέοιν toîn ostéoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ὀστέοισῐ / ὀστέοισῐν toîsĭ(n) ostéoisĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ ὀστέον tò ostéon	τὼ ὀστέω tṑ ostéō	τᾰ̀ ὀστέᾰ tằ ostéă
Vocative	ὀστέον ostéon	ὀστέω ostéō	ὀστέᾰ ostéă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ὁλόστεον (holósteon)
• ὀστᾰ́ρῐον (ostắrĭon)
• ὀστέϊνος (ostéïnos)

Descendants

• Greek: οστό (ostó)

Further reading

• “ὀστέον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὀστέον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ὀστέον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὀστέον in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ὀστέον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ὀστέον”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4356 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN