こし
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 腰 |
From Old Japanese. First appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] In turn from Proto-Japonic *kəsi.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the waist, the (lower) back, the small of the back
- (anatomy) the lumbar region
- the skirting of a shoji
- the third line of a waka or tanka poem (from the way that the next two lines are longer, similar to the way the body gets wider at the hips)
- (of food) chewiness; springiness
Derived terms[edit]
- 腰掛ける (koshikakeru, “to sit down”)
- 腰抜け (koshinuke, “coward”)
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 輿 |
First cited to The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter in the late-800s, early 900s.[1] Further derivation uncertain. May be the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 越す (kosu, “to move something from one place to another”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 層 |
From Old Japanese. Cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]
Theorized to be an extension of the hip sense from the way that upper storeys in older Japanese architecture were usually smaller, resulting in a hipped effect similar to the way that the waist may be narrower than the hips on a person's body.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (rare, possibly obsolete, architecture) a storey
Usage notes[edit]
This reading has fallen out of use and been replaced by the Middle Chinese-derived sō reading. See the 層 entry for more.
Etymology 4[edit]
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 濃し |
Adjective[edit]
- classical terminal form of modern adjective 濃い (koi, “thick in consistency; deep in color; rich in flavor”)
Etymology 5[edit]
| For pronunciation and definitions of こし – see the following entries: 古史, 古址, 古祠, 古詩, 虎子, 虎視, 古紙, 枯死, 雇使, 顧思, 顧視 |
(The following entries are uncreated: 古史, 古址, 古祠, 古詩, 虎子, 虎視, 古紙, 枯死, 雇使, 顧思, 顧視.)
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
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- ja:Anatomy
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- ja:Architecture
- Japanese adjectives
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