串

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串 U+4E32, 串
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E32
← 丱
[U+4E31] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丳 →
[U+4E33]
串 U+F905, 串
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F905
← 滑
[U+F904] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 句 →
[U+F906]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

串 (radical 2 丨+6, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中中 (LL), four-corner 50006, composition ⿻丨吕)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 80, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 80
  • Dae Jaweon: page 162, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 30, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4E32

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 串

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 串
Shang Warring States Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Transcribed ancient scripts
串-bronze-shang.svg 串-silk.svg 串-bigseal.svg
Bronze inscriptions
ACC-b00680.svg

b00680

ACC-b00681.svg

b00681

ACC-b00682.svg

b00682

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pictogram (象形) – objects strung together.

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with 穿 (OC *kʰljon, *kʰljons, “to pierce through; to wear”), 貫 (OC *koːn, *koːns, “to penetrate”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • chhǹg - vernacular;
  • chhoàn - literary.
  • Wu
    • Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 串
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 1647
    Phonetic
    component         		串
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		釧
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰjons/

    Definitions[edit]

    串

    1. to string together; to link up
    2. string; chain; series
    3. skewer
    4. Classifier for strung, bunched or clustered objects.
      一串珠子  ―  yī chuàn zhūzǐ  ―  a string of beads
      一串鞭炮  ―  yī chuàn biānpào  ―  a string of firecrackers
      一串葡萄  ―  yī chuàn pútáo  ―  a bunch of grapes
    5. to gang up on; to conspire; to collaborate
    6. to cross; to criss-cross; to traverse to; to mix (undesirably)
    7. to pay a visit to; to visit; to move about
    8. to play (a role); to act
    9. (Cantonese) to spell (a word in Roman letters)
    10. (Cantonese, slang, may be derived from 串聯 during the Cultural Revolution) cocksure; arrogant; cocky
    11. (Cantonese, slang) sarcastic

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 串

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 串
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 刪 (70)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古患切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠuanH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʷᵚanH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kuɐnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kwaɨnH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kuanH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kwanH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kwanH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		guàn
    Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 串
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		guàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kwænH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kˤro[n]-s/
    English custom

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 串
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 1646
    Phonetic
    component         		串
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		慣
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kroːns/

    Definitions[edit]

    串

    1. † to get close to; to fawn on; to be obsequious to; to curry favour with
    2. † people on intimate terms
    3. † habit; custom
    4. † to joke; to banter

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 串

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    串

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. spit, skewer

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    Kanji in this term
    串
    くし
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese.[1] Appears in the Nihon Shoki, finished CE 720.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    串 (hiragana くし, rōmaji kushi)

    1. a skewer, a spit
    2. a candle's wick
    3. a tamagushi: a branch of a sakaki tree used as a Shintō offering
      12th century, Konjaku Monogatarishū (book 24, story 51)
      其 (そ)の御 (ご)幣 (へい)の串 (くし)に書付 (かきつけ)て...
      sono gohei no kushi ni kakitsukete
      (please add an English translation of this example)
    4. (slang, computing) a proxy server
      中国 (ちゅうごく)串 (くし)
      Chūgoku kushi
      Chinese proxy

    Synonyms[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    Derived terms

    Proper noun[edit]

    串 (hiragana くし, rōmaji Kushi)

    1. A surname​.

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Eumhun 1[edit]

    Eumhun 2[edit]

    • Sound: 관 (gwan)
    • Meaning: 꿸 (kkwel)
      1. to string together; to link up
      2. to get close to; to fawn on; to be obsequious to; to curry favour with

    Eumhun 3[edit]

    • Sound: 천 (cheon)
    • Meaning: 꿰미 (kkwemi)
      1. string; chain; series

    Eumhun 4[edit]

    References[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    串 (xuyến, quán, xiên, xuyên)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]

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