代名詞

See also: 代名词

Chinese

		to substitute; to replace	noun; term; expression noun; term; expression; phrase
trad. (代名詞)		代	名詞
simp. (代名词)		代	名词

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dàimíngcí

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄘˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): doi⁶ ming⁴ ci⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-bêng-sû / tāi-bêng-sîr

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàimíngcí
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄘˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàimíngcíh
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴-ming²-tzʻŭ²
    • Yale: dài-míng-tsź
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daymingtsyr
    • Palladius: дайминцы (dajmincy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹ miŋ³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: doi⁶ ming⁴ ci⁴
    • Yale: doih mìhng chìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doi⁶ ming⁴ tsi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: doi⁶ ming⁴ qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔːi̯²² mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-bêng-sû
    • Tâi-lô: tāi-bîng-sû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daixbengsuu
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ biɪŋ¹³⁻²² su¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ biɪŋ²³⁻³³ su²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-bêng-sîr
    • Tâi-lô: tāi-bîng-sîr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² sɯ²⁴/

Noun

代名詞

1. (grammar) pronoun

   • 比如，把代名詞從名詞裡分出來，按照依句辨品的理論是沒有根據的，因為名詞和代名詞都是可以作主語和賓語的詞。 [MSC, trad.]
     比如，把代名词从名词里分出来，按照依句辨品的理论是没有根据的，因为名词和代名词都是可以作主语和宾语的词。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1954, Lü Shuxiang, 《关于汉语词类的一些原则性问题》 [Some Fundamental Issues Concerning the Parts of Speech in Chinese], in 《中国语文》, →ISSN

     Bǐrú, bǎ dàimíngcí cóng míngcí lǐ fēn chūlái, ànzhào yījùbiànpǐn de lǐlùn shì méiyǒu gēnjù de, yīnwèi míngcí hé dàimíngcí dōu shì kěyǐ zuò zhǔyǔ hé bīnyǔ de cí. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (semantics) synonym

   • 在不少大陸人眼中，臺灣人的說話方式一直是「娘」的代名詞。 [MSC, trad.]
     在不少大陆人眼中，台湾人的说话方式一直是「娘」的代名词。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2019 March 26, 郑子宁 (Zhen Zining), 《台湾腔为什么这么“娘”》, in 《国防时报》, page 21

     Zài bùshào dàlùrén yǎnzhōng, táiwānrén de shuōhuà fāngshì yīzhí shì “niáng” de dàimíngcí. [Pinyin]

     In the eyes of many Chinese mainlanders, the way Taiwanese people speak is always synonymous to "effiminate."

Synonyms

• (pronoun): 代詞／代词 (dàicí)
• (synonym):

• 同義詞／同义词 (tóngyìcí)
• 近義詞／近义词 (jìnyìcí) (near-synonym)

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of "synonym"):

• 反義詞／反义词 (fǎnyìcí)

 

Derived terms

• 不定代名詞／不定代名词 (bùdìng dàimíngcí)
• 人稱代名詞／人称代名词 (rénchēng dàimíngcí)
• 關係代名詞／关系代名词 (guānxì dàimíngcí)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (代名詞):

• → Japanese: 代(だい)名(めい)詞(し) (daimeishi)
• → Korean: 대명사(代名詞) (daemyeongsa)
• → Vietnamese: đại danh từ (代名詞)

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
代	名	詞
だい Grade: 3	めい Grade: 1	し Grade: 6
on’yomi

From 代 (dai, “replacement”) +‎ 名詞 (meishi, “noun”), as it stands in for a noun.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) だいめ​ーし [dàíméꜜèshì] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [da̠ime̞ːɕi]

Noun

代(だい)名(めい)詞(し) • (daimeishi) 

1. (grammar) pronoun
2. (figurative) synonym

Derived terms

• 人代名詞 (jindaimeishi): personal pronoun
• 関係代名詞 (kankei daimeishi): relative pronoun
• 疑問代名詞 (gimon daimeishi): interrogative pronoun
• 再帰代名詞 (saiki daimeishi): reflexive pronoun
• 指示代名詞 (shiji daimeishi): demonstrative pronoun
• 対称代名詞 (taishō daimeishi): second-person pronoun
• 反射代名詞 (honsha daimeishi): reflexive pronoun (in Japanese grammar only)
• 反照代名詞 (honshō daimeishi): reflexive pronoun (in Japanese grammar only)
• 人称代名詞 (ninshō daimeishi): personal pronoun
• 一人称代名詞 (ichininshō daimeishi): first person pronoun
• 二人称代名詞 (nininshō daimeishi): second person pronoun
• 三人称代名詞 (sanninshō daimeishi): third person pronoun

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
代	名	詞

Noun

代名詞 • (daemyeongsa) (hangeul 대명사)

1. Hanja form^? of 대명사 (“pronoun”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
代	名	詞

Noun

代名詞

1. chữ Hán form of đại danh từ (“pronoun”).