修道

Chinese

		to decorate; to embellish; to repair to decorate; to embellish; to repair; to build; to study; to write; to cultivate	direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk
trad. (修道)		修	道
simp. #(修道)		修	道

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiūdào

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡ ㄉㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sau¹ dou⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siu-tō / siu-tǒ͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siu¹ dao⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiūdào
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄉㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sioudào
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu¹-tao⁴
    • Yale: syōu-dàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shioudaw
    • Palladius: сюдао (sjudao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sau¹ dou⁶
    • Yale: sāu douh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sau¹ dou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: seo¹ dou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯⁵⁵ tou̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-tō
    • Tâi-lô: siu-tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siu'doi
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ to³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² to²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-tǒ͘
    • Tâi-lô: siu-tǒo
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /siu³³ tɔ²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siu¹ dao⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siu tău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siu³³⁻²³ tau³⁵/

Verb

修⫽道 (verb-object)

1. to cultivate oneself according to a religious doctrine
2. to practice Daoism

Noun

修道

1. spiritual discipline

Derived terms

• 修道士 (xiūdàoshì)
• 修道張 / 修道张
• 修道會 / 修道会
• 修道者 (xiūdàozhě)
• 修道院 (xiūdàoyuàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (修道):

• → Japanese: 修道(しゅうどう) (shūdō)
• → Korean: 수도(修道) (sudo)
• → Vietnamese: tu đạo (修道)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
修	道
しゅう Grade: 5	どう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɕɨːdo̞ː]
• (Tokyo) しゅうどー [shùúdóó] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

修(しゅう)道(どう) • (shūdō) 

1. study of morality
2. spiritual discipline

Derived terms

• 修(しゅう)道(どう)院(いん) (shūdōin, “monastery”)
• 修(しゅう)道(どう)士(し) (shūdōshi, “monk”)
• 修(しゅう)道(どう)女(じょ) (shūdōjo, “nun”)
• 修(しゅう)道(どう)会(かい) (shūdōkai, “(Catholic): order”)
• 修(しゅう)道(どう)名(めい) (shūdōmei, “monastic name”)

Verb

修(しゅう)道(どう)する • (shūdō suru) intransitive suru (stem 修(しゅう)道(どう)し (shūdō shi), past 修(しゅう)道(どう)した (shūdō shita))

1. practice

Conjugation

Conjugation of "修道する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	修道し	しゅうどうし	shūdō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	修道し	しゅうどうし	shūdō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	修道する	しゅうどうする	shūdō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	修道する	しゅうどうする	shūdō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	修道すれ	しゅうどうすれ	shūdō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	修道せよ¹ 修道しろ²	しゅうどうせよ¹ しゅうどうしろ²	shūdō seyo¹ shūdō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	修道される	しゅうどうされる	shūdō sareru
Causative	修道させる 修道さす	しゅうどうさせる しゅうどうさす	shūdō saseru shūdō sasu
Potential	修道できる	しゅうどうできる	shūdō dekiru
Volitional	修道しよう	しゅうどうしよう	shūdō shiyō
Negative	修道しない	しゅうどうしない	shūdō shinai
Negative continuative	修道せず	しゅうどうせず	shūdō sezu
Formal	修道します	しゅうどうします	shūdō shimasu
Perfective	修道した	しゅうどうした	shūdō shita
Conjunctive	修道して	しゅうどうして	shūdō shite
Hypothetical conditional	修道すれば	しゅうどうすれば	shūdō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “修道”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
• Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
修	道

Noun

修道 • (sudo) (hangeul 수도)

1. hanja form^? of 수도 (“spiritual discipline”)