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停

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 仃 and 佇
停 U+505C, 停
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-505C
← 偛
[U+505B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偝 →
[U+505D]

Translingual

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Han character

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停 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 人卜口弓 (OYRN), four-corner 20221, composition ⿰亻亭 or ⿰亻𠅘)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 110, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 864
  • Dae Jaweon: page 236, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 194, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+505C

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 停
2nd round simp. 仃

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 停
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
s05922
Transcribed ancient scripts
L11416
L11417
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
圢 *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ
町 *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ
打 *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ
盯 *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ
朾 *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ
丁 *rteːŋ, *teːŋ
玎 *rteːŋ, *teːŋ
虰 *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
揨 *rdeːŋ
釘 *teːŋ, *teːŋs
靪 *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ
仃 *teːŋ
叮 *teːŋ
疔 *teːŋ
頂 *teːŋʔ
奵 *teːŋʔ
耵 *teːŋʔ
酊 *teːŋʔ
葶 *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ
矴 *teːŋs
訂 *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
飣 *teːŋs
汀 *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs
艼 *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ
庁 *tʰeːŋ
婷 *deːŋ
停 *deːŋ
聤 *deːŋ
渟 *deːŋ
楟 *deːŋ
亭 *deːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *deːŋ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 亭 (OC *deːŋ).

Etymology

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From 亭 (tíng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation

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Note: Erhuayin for classifier (portion) sense only.
Note:
  • ti1 - vernacular;
  • ting1 - literary.
Note: déng - in certain compounds, e.g. 停屍／停尸, 停棺.
Rime
Character 停
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 特丁切
Baxter deng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/deŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/deŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛjŋ/
Li
Rong 		/deŋ/
Wang
Li 		/dieŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tíng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ting4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 停
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tíng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ deng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.[d]ˁeŋ/ (~ *C.[d]ˁeŋ)
English to stop

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 停
Reading # 1/1
No. 2407
Phonetic
component 		丁
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		庭
Old
Chinese 		/*deːŋ/

Definitions

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停

  1. to stop; to halt
    停！  ―  Tíng!  ―  Stop!
  2. to stay; to remain
  3. to place (an object somewhere); to park (a vehicle); to anchor (a ship)
  4. (literary, or in compounds) reliable; safe; secure; proper
  5. (colloquial) Classifier for portions (parts of a total).
  6. a surname, Ting

Synonyms

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  • (to stop):
  • (to stay):
  • (to place): 停放 (tíngfàng)
  • (reliable):

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Vietnamese: đừng (“do not”)

Further reading

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Japanese

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Kanji

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停

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to stop

Readings

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Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

停 (eumhun 머무를 정 (meomureul jeong))

  1. hanja form? of 정 (“to stop”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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停: Hán Việt readings: đình[1][2][3][4][5][6]
停: Nôm readings: dành[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], dừng[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], đành[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], đừng[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], đình[1][5][6][7], rành[1][2][3], đoành[1], đầng[7]

  1. chữ Hán form of đình (“to stop”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of dành (“to save up; to reserve (for)”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of dừng (“to stop; to halt”)
  4. chữ Nôm form of đành
    1. to resign oneself to; to have no choice but
    2. used in đành hanh (“(of women or children) perverse; obstinate”)
  5. chữ Nôm form of đình (“used in linh đình (“sumptuous; magnificent”)”)
  6. chữ Nôm form of đừng (“do not; don't”)
  7. chữ Nôm form of rành (“(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, rare) clear; plain; evident”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Hồ (1976).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Bonet (1899).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Génibrel (1898).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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