兀
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]兀 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 一山 (MU), four-corner 10210, composition ⿱一儿)
Derived characters
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 123, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1337
- Dae Jaweon: page 257, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 264, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5140
Chinese
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
兀 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 㐳 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 兀 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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 s06200 Transcribed ancient scripts L26313  L26314 | ||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Etymology 1
[edit]- “to cut off the feet”
- Perhaps Austroasiatic; compare Mon ကုတ် (kut, “to cut off; to amputate”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngat6
- Eastern Min (BUC): uŏk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8ngeq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wù
- Zhuyin: ㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wù
- Wade–Giles: wu4
- Yale: wù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuh
- Palladius: у (u)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngat6
- Yale: ngaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngat9
- Guangdong Romanization: nged6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: uŏk
- Sinological IPA (key): /uoʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Zhao'an, variant in Taiwan)
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Nan'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gut
- Tâi-lô: gut
- Phofsit Daibuun: gud
- Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡut̚³²/
- Sinological IPA (Jinjiang, Nan'an): /ɡut̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Hui'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gert
- Tâi-lô: gert
- Sinological IPA (Hui'an): /ɡət̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ug4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uk
- Sinological IPA (key): /uk̚²/
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: ngwot
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤut/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋuːd/
Definitions
[edit]兀
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) towering
- 突兀 ― tūwù ― lofty
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) bald
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to cut off the feet
- 兀者 [Classical Chinese] ― wùzhě [Pinyin] ― person that has had one of their feet cut
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) unpeaceful
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wū
- Zhuyin: ㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wu
- Wade–Giles: wu1
- Yale: wū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: u
- Palladius: у (u)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]兀
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Borrowed from Turkic, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ol (Zhang and Zhang, 2007). Compare Old Turkic 𐰆𐰞 (ul¹), Turkish o (“he, she, it; that”), Uyghur ئۇ (u, “he, she, it; that”), Chuvash вӑл (văl, “he, she, it”) and Karakhanid اُلْ (ol, “he, she, it; that”). First recorded in the Song Dynasty:
- 前世謂「阿睹」，猶今諺云「兀底」；「寧馨」，猶「恁地」也；皆不指一物一事之詞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Song Dynasty, 莊綽, 《雞肋編》
- Qiánshì wèi “ādǔ”, yóu jīn yàn yún “wùde”; “níngxīn”, yóu “nèndì” yě; jiē bù zhǐ yī wù yī shì zhī cí. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
前世谓「阿睹」，犹今谚云「兀底」；「宁馨」，犹「恁地」也；皆不指一物一事之词。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wù
- Zhuyin: ㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wù
- Wade–Giles: wu4
- Yale: wù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuh
- Palladius: у (u)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngat6
- Yale: ngaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngat9
- Guangdong Romanization: nged6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: veh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /vəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
Definitions
[edit]兀
- (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) that [from 11th c.]
- (archaic) Used before pronouns to form bisyllabic pronouns.
- 兀那 [Written Vernacular Chinese] ― wùnà [Pinyin] ― that
- 兀誰／兀谁 [Written Vernacular Chinese] ― wùshéi [Pinyin] ― who
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Northern Min (KCR): ŭ
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ŭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /u²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
Definitions
[edit]兀
Synonyms
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wù
- Zhuyin: ㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wù
- Wade–Giles: wu4
- Yale: wù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuh
- Palladius: у (u)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngat6
- Yale: ngaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngat9
- Guangdong Romanization: nged6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]兀
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 6
[edit]| For pronunciation and definitions of 兀 – see 尢 (“lame; crippled”). (This character is a variant form of 尢). |
References
[edit]- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00263
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C02853-003
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]兀
Readings
[edit]- On (unclassified): こつ (kotsu)、ごつ (gotsu)
- Kun: たかい (takai, 兀い)、はげる (hageru)、あしきる (ashikiru)
- Nanori: たかし (takashi)
Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 兀 |
| ごつ Hyōgai |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 屼 |
Noun
[edit]- (uncommon, archaic) bald (person); treeless (landscape)
- 1741, Shin Usugusa Monogatari, Jōruri [Commentary]:
- はげたつむりは兀として
- hageta tsumuri wa gotsu to shite
- his bare head is bald
- はげたつむりは兀として
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]兀: Hán Việt readings: ngột[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
兀: Nôm readings: ngặt[1][2], ngọt[1][2], ngụt[1][3], ngất[1], ngút[1], ngát[3], ngột[4]
- chữ Nôm form of ngặt
- strict; stringent; rigorous
- (by extension) poor
- 15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “Ngôn chí 言志 17”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):
庄 謳 兀 庄 謳 𫅷 - Not being afraid of poverty nor old age.
- chữ Nôm form of ngất (“very high or tall”)
- chữ Nôm form of ngọt (“sweet; savory”)
- Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經), 12th century, folio 11b
本 𱺵 把 恩 呐 古 䔲 野 古 兀 - The fourth is the kindness of swallowing the bitter and spitting out the sweet.
- Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經), 12th century, folio 11b
- chữ Nôm form of ngút (“used in nghi ngút (“(of smoke) to rise in curls”)”)
References
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