元宵
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]primary; first; fundamental primary; first; fundamental; dollar; (dynasty) |
night | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (元宵) | 元 | 宵 | |
| simp. #(元宵) | 元 | 宵 | |

Etymology
[edit]From 元 (“first; primary”) + 宵 (“night”): the night of the 上元 (Shàngyuán, “Lantern Festival”), which falls on the fifteenth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, the first of the Taoist 三元 (Sānyuán, “Three Primes”). The word is first attested in the late Tang dynasty:
The sense of tangyuan is a metonymic extension of the custom of eating them during the festival:
- 市賣食物,乾鮮俱備,而以元宵爲大宗,亦所以點綴節景耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 富察敦崇, 燕京歲時記·燈節
- Shìmài shíwù, gānxiān jùbèi, ér yǐ yuánxiāo wéi dàzōng, yì suǒyǐ diǎnzhuì jiéjǐng ěr. [Pinyin]
- The stalls sell food of every kind, dried and fresh, with yuanxiao the main staple, also serving to embellish the festival scene.
市卖食物,干鲜俱备,而以元宵为大宗,亦所以点缀节景耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun4 siu1
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyyon4 xieu / 'yon4 xieu1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ye1 xiau1
- Northern Min (KCR): nguîng-siáu
- Eastern Min (BUC): nguòng-siĕu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ngyng2 sieo1 / ngoeng2 sieo1 / nging2 sieo1
- Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): nguang5 siao1
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnioe-sau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): yenn2 siau1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yuánxiāo
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yuánsiao
- Wade–Giles: yüan2-hsiao1
- Yale: ywán-syāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuanshiau
- Palladius: юаньсяо (juanʹsjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɥɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jyun4 siu1
- Yale: yùhn sīu
- Cantonese Pinyin: jyn4 siu1
- Guangdong Romanization: yun4 xiu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyːn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyyon4 xieu / 'yon4 xieu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲyɵn³⁵ ɕiɛu²/, /ˈyɵn³⁵ ɕiɛu⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
Note: nyyon4 xieu - Lantern Festival;'yon4 xieu1 - sticky rice dumplings.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-sêu
- Hakka Romanization System: ngienˇ seuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngian2 seu1
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en¹¹ seu̯²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn-sêu
- Hakka Romanization System: ngianˇ seuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngian2 seu1
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an¹¹ seu̯²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ngien siauˋ
- Sinological IPA: /ŋien⁵⁵ siau⁵³/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ye1 xiau1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ye¹¹ ɕiau¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nguîng-siáu
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuiŋ³³ siau⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nguòng-siĕu
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ (s-)nieu⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngyng2 sieo1 [Phonetic: ngyng5 nieo1]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ngṳ́ng-sa̤u
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋyŋ¹³⁻¹¹ (ɬ-)nieu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngyng2 sieo1 [Phonetic: ngyng5 nieo1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋyŋ²⁴⁻²¹ (ɬ-)nieu⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngyng2 sieo1 [Phonetic: ngyng5 nieo1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋyŋ²⁴⁻²¹ (θ-)niəu⁵⁴⁴/
- (Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngoeng2 sieo1 [Phonetic: ngoeng5 nieo1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋœŋ¹³⁻¹¹ (ɬ-)nieu⁵³³/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: nging2 sieo1 [Phonetic: nging5 nieo1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiŋ²⁴⁻²¹ (ɬ-)niəu⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: nguang5 siao1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguâng siau
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siau³³/
- (Teochew)
- Wu
- Xiang
Noun
[edit]元宵
- night of the fifteenth day of the first lunar month; Lantern Festival
- sticky rice dumplings (tangyuan), traditionally consumed during the Lantern Festival
Synonyms
[edit]- (Lantern Festival):
- (tangyuan):
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “140 元宵节”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 304.
Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 元 | 宵 |
Noun
[edit]元宵
- chữ Hán form of Nguyên Tiêu (“Lantern Festival”)
Categories:
- Classical Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Puxian Min lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Puxian Min nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 元
- Chinese terms spelled with 宵
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
