Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
冇 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大月 (KB) or X大月 (XKB), four-corner 40227, composition ⿸𠂇冂)
References[edit]
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
From the removal of the two inner strokes from 有 (“to have”).
Etymology 1[edit]
From 無 (MC mɨo, “to not have”), fused with 有 (MC ɦɨuX, “to have”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation[edit]
Note:
- mau5 - “have not; did not”;
- mau6 - “to not have” (contraction of 冇得).
Definitions[edit]
冇
- (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Gan, Hakka, dialectal Wu, Xiang) to not have; to not exist
- 冇理由㗎。 [Cantonese] ― mou5 lei5 jau4 gaa3. [Jyutping] ― Impossible.
- (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Xiang) have not; did not (do something) (indicating non-completion of a verb)
- 我冇同佢講。／我冇同佢讲。 [Cantonese] ― ngo5 mou5 tung4 keoi5 gong2. [Jyutping] ― I did not tell him.
佢幾個月都冇嚟。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢几个月都冇嚟。 [Cantonese, simp.]- keoi5 gei2 go3 jyut6 dou1 mou5 lai4. [Jyutping]
- He hasn't come for a few months.
- (dialectal Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua) not (negator)
Usage notes[edit]
- Originally from Cantonese, the meaning of this character is now understood by many Mandarin speakers.
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of
沒有 (“to not have (+ noun)”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
無, 無有
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
沒有
|
| Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
沒有, 沒
|
| Taiwan
|
沒有, 沒
|
| Jinan
|
沒有, 沒
|
| Xi'an
|
沒有
|
| Wuhan
|
冇得
|
| Chengdu
|
沒得
|
| Guilin
|
沒得
|
| Yangzhou
|
不得, 沒得
|
| Hefei
|
沒
|
| Malaysia
|
沒有, 沒
|
| Singapore
|
沒有, 沒
|
| Dagudi (Maliba)
|
不有
|
| Reshuitang (Longling)
|
不有
|
| Mae Salong (Lancang)
|
不有
|
| Mae Sai (Tengchong)
|
不有
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
冇, 冇有
|
| Hong Kong
|
冇
|
| Taishan
|
冇
|
| Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
冇有
|
| Hepu (Shatian)
|
冇有
|
| Beihai
|
冇, 冇有
|
| Beihai (Nankang)
|
冇
|
| Beihai (Yingpan)
|
冇有
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
冇, 冇有
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
冇, 冇有
|
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
冇, 冇有
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
冇
|
| Penang (Guangfu)
|
冇
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
冇
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
冇
|
| Móng Cái
|
冇, 冇有
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
冒有
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
無
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
無
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
無
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
無
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
無
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
無
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
無
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
沒
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
沒, 沒啦
|
| Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
無
|
| Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
無
|
| Singapore (Fuqing)
|
無
|
| Manjung (Gutian)
|
無
|
| Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
無
|
| Quanzhou
|
無
|
| Zhangzhou
|
無
|
| Zhao'an
|
無
|
| Taipei
|
無
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
無
|
| Kaohsiung
|
無
|
| Yilan
|
無
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
無
|
| Taichung
|
無
|
| Tainan
|
無
|
| Hsinchu
|
無
|
| Kinmen
|
無
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
無
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
無
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
無
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
無
|
| Chaozhou
|
無
|
| Shantou
|
無
|
| Shantou (Chaoyang)
|
無
|
| Jieyang
|
無
|
| Haifeng
|
無
|
| Bangkok (Teochew)
|
無
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
無
|
| Pontianak (Teochew)
|
無
|
| Wenchang
|
無
|
| Qionghai
|
無
|
| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
無
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
嘸沒, 嘸 dated
|
| Suzhou
|
嘸不
|
| Hangzhou
|
沒有
|
| Hangzhou (Yuhang)
|
嘸不
|
| Ningbo
|
嘸沒, 嘸 dated
|
| Wenzhou
|
冇
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
冇得, 冇
|
| Shuangfeng
|
冇得
|
Dialectal synonyms of
不 (“not”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
不, 弗, 毋, 勿, 莫, 否, 未
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
不
|
| Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
不
|
| Taiwan
|
不
|
| Tianjin
|
不
|
| Chengde
|
不
|
| Tangshan
|
不
|
| Cangzhou
|
不
|
| Baoding
|
不
|
| Shijiazhuang
|
不
|
| Chifeng
|
不
|
| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
不
|
| Heihe
|
不
|
| Qiqihar
|
不
|
| Harbin
|
不
|
| Jiamusi
|
不
|
| Baicheng
|
不
|
| Changchun
|
不
|
| Tonghua
|
不
|
| Shenyang
|
不
|
| Dandong
|
不
|
| Jinzhou
|
不
|
| Dalian
|
不
|
| Yantai
|
不
|
| Yantai (Muping)
|
不
|
| Qingdao
|
不
|
| Lijin
|
不
|
| Zhucheng
|
不
|
| Jinan
|
不
|
| Luoyang
|
不
|
| Wanrong
|
不
|
| Shangqiu
|
不
|
| Yuanyang
|
不
|
| Zhengzhou
|
不
|
| Lingbao
|
不
|
| Xinyang
|
不
|
| Baihe
|
不
|
| Xi'an
|
不
|
| Baoji
|
不
|
| Yinchuan
|
不
|
| Tianshui
|
不
|
| Lanzhou
|
不
|
| Dunhuang
|
不
|
| Xining
|
不
|
| Hami
|
不
|
| Ürümqi
|
不
|
| Wuhan
|
不
|
| Yichang
|
不
|
| Xiangyang
|
不
|
| Tianmen
|
不
|
| Hong'an
|
不
|
| Chengdu
|
不
|
| Nanchong
|
不
|
| Dazhou
|
不
|
| Hanyuan
|
不
|
| Xichang
|
不
|
| Zigong
|
不
|
| Chongqing
|
不
|
| Guiyang
|
不
|
| Zunyi
|
不
|
| Bijie
|
不
|
| Zhaotong
|
不
|
| Dali
|
不
|
| Kunming
|
不
|
| Mengzi
|
不
|
| Guilin
|
不
|
| Liuzhou
|
沒, 不
|
| Changde
|
不
|
| Anqing
|
不
|
| Xuzhou
|
不
|
| Fuyang
|
不
|
| Wuhu
|
不
|
| Yangzhou
|
不
|
| Lianyungang
|
不
|
| Lianshui
|
不
|
| Nanjing
|
不
|
| Hefei
|
不
|
| Nantong
|
不
|
| Malaysia
|
不
|
| Singapore
|
不
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
唔
|
| Hong Kong
|
唔
|
| Macau
|
唔
|
| Taishan
|
唔
|
| Dongguan
|
唔
|
| Yangjiang
|
無
|
| Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
冇
|
| Hepu (Shatian)
|
冇
|
| Beihai
|
冇
|
| Beihai (Nankang)
|
冇
|
| Beihai (Yingpan)
|
冇
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
冇
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
冇
|
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
冇
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
唔
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
唔
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
唔
|
| Móng Cái
|
冇
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
不
|
| Lichuan
|
不
|
| Pingxiang
|
毋
|
| Jianning
|
唔
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
唔
|
| Xingning
|
唔
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
唔
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
唔
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
唔
|
| Changting
|
唔
|
| Shanghang
|
唔
|
| Wuping
|
唔
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
唔
|
| Liancheng
|
唔
|
| Ninghua
|
唔, 不
|
| Qingliu
|
唔
|
| Yudu
|
唔
|
| Ruijin
|
唔
|
| Shicheng
|
唔
|
| Shangyou (Shexi)
|
唔
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
毋
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
毋
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
毋
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
毋
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
毋
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
毋
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
不
|
| Shexian
|
不
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
不
|
| Yangyuan
|
不
|
| Datong
|
不
|
| Xinzhou
|
不
|
| Lishi
|
不
|
| Linfen
|
不
|
| Changzhi
|
不
|
| Linhe
|
不
|
| Jining
|
不
|
| Hohhot
|
不
|
| Erenhot
|
不
|
| Pingshan
|
不
|
| Zhangjiakou
|
不
|
| Handan
|
不
|
| Linzhou
|
不
|
| Suide
|
不
|
| Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Songxi
|
唔, 𣍐
|
| Zhenghe
|
唔, 𣍐
|
| Pucheng (Shibei)
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Changle
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Lianjiang
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Fuqing
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Pingtan
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Yongtai
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Minqing
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Gutian
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Pingnan
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Luoyuan
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Fu'an
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Ningde
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Xiapu
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Zherong
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Shouning
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Zhouning
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Fuding
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Matsu
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Xiamen (Tong'an)
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Quanzhou
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Jinjiang
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Nan'an
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Shishi
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Hui'an
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Anxi
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Yongchun
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Dehua
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Zhangzhou
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Zhangzhou (Longhai)
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Zhangzhou (Changtai)
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Hua'an
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Nanjing
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Pinghe
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Zhangpu
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Yunxiao
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Zhao'an
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Dongshan
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Taipei
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Kaohsiung
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Tainan
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Kinmen
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
毋, 𣍐, 無
|
| Datian
|
毋, 𣍐
|
| Chaozhou
|
唔, 𣍐, 無
|
| Shantou
|
唔, 𣍐, 無
|
| Jieyang
|
唔
|
| Haifeng
|
唔
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
唔, 𣍐, 無
|
| Pontianak (Teochew)
|
唔
|
| Leizhou
|
伓
|
| Wenchang
|
無
|
| Haikou
|
無
|
| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
無
|
| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Xianyou
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Min Zhong
|
Yong'an
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Shaxian
|
伓, 𣍐
|
| Shaojiang Min
|
Shaowu
|
冒, 唔
|
| Guangze
|
唔
|
| Jiangle
|
唔
|
| Mingxi
|
唔
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
冇
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
勿
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
弗, 勿
|
| Suzhou
|
弗
|
| Danyang
|
弗
|
| Hangzhou
|
不
|
| Ningbo
|
勿, 嘸沒 rare
|
| Wenzhou
|
不
|
| Jinhua
|
弗
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
不
|
| Loudi
|
不
|
| Shuangfeng
|
不
|
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Compare Saek [script needed] (phoongC2, “hollow; hole (in a tree, bamboo)”), Proto-Bahnaric *pɔːŋ (“hollow; flattened”) (Schuessler, 2007).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
冇
- (Min, Hakka) empty; hollow; spongy; not sturdy
- 冇柴 [Hokkien] ― phàⁿ-chhâ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― porous wood
- (Min, Hakka) unreliable; undependable; casual
- (Min Nan) extravagant; generous
- 冇手 [Hokkien] ― phàⁿ-chhiú [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― generous
- (Hakka) insufficient; lacking
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
冇
- (Cantonese) Contraction of 唔好 (“don't”).
- 冇煩我！／冇烦我！ [Cantonese] ― mou2 faan4 ngo5! [Jyutping] ― Don't annoy me!
See also[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
From etymology 1, with rising intonation.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
冇
- (Cantonese, uncommon or dated) Used at the end of questions to ask if one has done something yet.
- Synonym: 未
- 食咗飯冇？／食咗饭冇？ [Cantonese] ― sik6 zo2 faan6 mou2? [Jyutping] ― Have you eaten?
References[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
冇: Hán Nôm readings: mậu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
