制裁

See also: 製裁

Chinese

Etymology 1

		system; to make; to manufacture system; to make; to manufacture; to control; to regulate	cut out (as a dress); cut; trim cut out (as a dress); cut; trim; reduce; diminish; decision; judgement
simp. and trad. (制裁)		制	裁
anagram		裁制

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhìcái

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄘㄞˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zai³ coi⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chè-chhâi / chì-chhâi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zi³ cai⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhìcái
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄘㄞˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhcái
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴-tsʻai²
    • Yale: jr̀-tsái
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhtsair
    • Palladius: чжицай (čžicaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 制裁 製裁 / 制裁

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zai³ coi⁴
    • Yale: jai chòih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzai³ tsoi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: zei³ coi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 制裁 製裁 / 制裁

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-chhâi
    • Tâi-lô: tsè-tshâi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zeazhaai
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sʰai²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰai²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰai²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰai²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-chhâi
    • Tâi-lô: tsì-tshâi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciezhaai
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰai¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zi³ cai⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì tshâi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰai⁵⁵/

Verb

制裁

在各國制裁下，當時實行種族隔離制度的南非政府被迫實施外匯管制以應對日益短缺的外匯儲備。圖為印在南非護照上的外匯管制印章。

1. (law) to impose legal sanctions

   經濟制裁／经济制裁  ―  jīngjì zhìcái  ―  economic sanction

   減輕制裁／减轻制裁  ―  jiǎnqīng zhìcái  ―  to ease sanctions

2. (literary) to punish; to penalise

   • 及安重誨用事，稍以法制裁之。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     及安重诲用事，稍以法制裁之。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1084 CE, Sima Guang, Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government

     Jí Ān Zhònghuì yòngshì, shāo yǐ fǎ zhìcái zhī. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• (to punish):

edit

• 修理 (xiūlǐ) (slang)
• 懲 / 惩 (chéng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 懲治 / 惩治 (chéngzhì)
• 懲罰 / 惩罚 (chéngfá)
• 懲艾 / 惩艾 (chéngyì) (literary)
• 懲處 / 惩处 (chéngchǔ)
• 懲辦 / 惩办 (chéngbàn)
• 拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
• 收拾 (colloquial)
• 整治 (zhěngzhì)
• 治
• 治罪 (zhìzuì)
• 發落 / 发落 (fāluò)
• 科罰 / 科罚 (kēfá)
• 處分 / 处分 (chǔfèn)
• 處治 / 处治 (chǔzhì)
• 處理 / 处理
• 處置 / 处置 (chǔzhì)
• 處罰 / 处罚 (chǔfá)
• 討治 / 讨治 (tǎozhì) (literary)
• 責罰 / 责罚 (zéfá)
• 辦罪 / 办罪 (bànzuì) (dated)
• 醫 / 医 (yi¹) (Sichuanese)
• 醫治 / 医治 (yi¹ zi⁴) (Sichuanese)

Derived terms

• 法律制裁 (fǎlǜ zhìcái)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 制裁 – see 製裁 (“to tailor; to cut out; style; form; type”). (This term is the simplified form of 製裁).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
制	裁
せい Grade: 5	さい Grade: 6
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せーさい [sèésáí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [se̞ːsa̠i]

Noun

制(せい)裁(さい) • (seisai) 

1. (law) punishment; sanction

   経済(けいざい)制裁(せいさい)

   keizai seisai

   economic sanctions

   アラブ連盟(れんめい)が制裁(せいさい)を決(き)めたあともアサド政権(せいけん)による弾圧(だんあつ)が続(つづ)く

   Arabu Renmei ga seisai o kimeta ato mo Asado seiken ni yoru dan'atsu ga tsuzuku

   The Assad administration continues oppression even after the Arab League imposed sanctions

Verb

制(せい)裁(さい)する • (seisai suru) suru (stem 制(せい)裁(さい)し (seisai shi), past 制(せい)裁(さい)した (seisai shita))

1. (law) to impose a sanction; to penalize

Conjugation

Conjugation of "制裁する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	制裁し	せいさいし	seisai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	制裁し	せいさいし	seisai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	制裁する	せいさいする	seisai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	制裁する	せいさいする	seisai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	制裁すれ	せいさいすれ	seisai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	制裁せよ¹ 制裁しろ²	せいさいせよ¹ せいさいしろ²	seisai seyo¹ seisai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	制裁される	せいさいされる	seisai sareru
Causative	制裁させる 制裁さす	せいさいさせる せいさいさす	seisai saseru seisai sasu
Potential	制裁できる	せいさいできる	seisai dekiru
Volitional	制裁しよう	せいさいしよう	seisai shiyō
Negative	制裁しない	せいさいしない	seisai shinai
Negative continuative	制裁せず	せいさいせず	seisai sezu
Formal	制裁します	せいさいします	seisai shimasu
Perfective	制裁した	せいさいした	seisai shita
Conjunctive	制裁して	せいさいして	seisai shite
Hypothetical conditional	制裁すれば	せいさいすれば	seisai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• “制裁”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
制	裁

Noun

制裁 • (jejae) (hangeul 제재)

1. hanja form^? of 제재 (“sanction”)