協力
Appearance
See also: 协力
Chinese
[edit]cooperate; harmonize; to help cooperate; harmonize; to help; to assist; to join |
power; force; strength | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (協力) | 協 | 力 | |
simp. (协力) | 协 | 力 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hip3 lik6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hia̍p-li̍t
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hia̍p-lia̍k / hia̍p-le̍k
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄌㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siélì
- Wade–Giles: hsieh2-li4
- Yale: syé-lì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyelih
- Palladius: сели (seli)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ li⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hip3 lik6
- Yale: hip lihk
- Cantonese Pinyin: hip8 lik9
- Guangdong Romanization: hib3 lig6
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiːp̚³ lɪk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hia̍p-li̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: hiab lid
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiab6 lid6
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯ap̚⁵ lit̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍p-lia̍k
- Tâi-lô: hia̍p-lia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiabliak
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiap̚²⁴⁻² liak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍p-le̍k
- Tâi-lô: hia̍p-li̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiablek
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /hiap̚⁴⁻³² liɪk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
[edit]協力
Synonyms
[edit]- 一力 (yīlì)
- 並肩/并肩 (bìngjiān) (figurative)
- 併力/并力 (bìnglì) (literary)
- 共同努力 (gòngtóng nǔlì)
- 勠力 (lùlì) (literary)
- 協作/协作 (xiézuò)
- 協同/协同 (xiétóng)
- 合作 (hézuò)
- 合力 (hélì)
- 合夥/合伙 (héhuǒ)
- 合手 (héshǒu)
- 合把 (hébǎ) (Beijing Mandarin)
- 戮力 (lùlì) (literary)
- 拍檔/拍档 (pāidàng) (chiefly Cantonese)
- 提攜/提携 (tíxié)
- 搭檔/搭档 (dādàng)
- 搭配 (dāpèi)
- 牽手/牵手 (qiānshǒu) (figurative)
- 聯手/联手 (liánshǒu) (figurative)
- 通力 (tōnglì) (literary)
- 配合
Descendants
[edit]Sino-Xenic (協力):
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
協 | 力 |
きょう Grade: 4 |
りょく Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]協力 • (kyōryoku) ←けふりよく (kefuryoku)?
- cooperation; working together
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (in video games) 対戦 (taisen, “competition”)
Verb
[edit]協力する • (kyōryoku suru) intransitive suru (stem 協力し (kyōryoku shi), past 協力した (kyōryoku shita))
- to cooperate
- ご協力してください。
- Go-kyōryoku shite kudasai.
- We appreciate your cooperation.
- ご協力してください。
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "協力する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 協力し | きょうりょくし | kyōryoku shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 協力し | きょうりょくし | kyōryoku shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 協力する | きょうりょくする | kyōryoku suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 協力する | きょうりょくする | kyōryoku suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 協力すれ | きょうりょくすれ | kyōryoku sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 協力せよ¹ 協力しろ² |
きょうりょくせよ¹ きょうりょくしろ² |
kyōryoku seyo¹ kyōryoku shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 協力される | きょうりょくされる | kyōryoku sareru | |
Causative | 協力させる 協力さす |
きょうりょくさせる きょうりょくさす |
kyōryoku saseru kyōryoku sasu | |
Potential | 協力できる | きょうりょくできる | kyōryoku dekiru | |
Volitional | 協力しよう | きょうりょくしよう | kyōryoku shiyō | |
Negative | 協力しない | きょうりょくしない | kyōryoku shinai | |
Negative continuative | 協力せず | きょうりょくせず | kyōryoku sezu | |
Formal | 協力します | きょうりょくします | kyōryoku shimasu | |
Perfective | 協力した | きょうりょくした | kyōryoku shita | |
Conjunctive | 協力して | きょうりょくして | kyōryoku shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 協力すれば | きょうりょくすれば | kyōryoku sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
協 | 力 |
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 協
- Chinese terms spelled with 力
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 協 read as きょう
- Japanese terms spelled with 力 read as りょく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms