口
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Usage notes[edit]
This character (口) is used within characters; if a square is instead used as an enclosure (around) a character, then the character 囗 is used instead.
Han character[edit]
口 (radical 30, 口+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 口 (R), four-corner 60000)
- Kangxi radical #30, ⼝.
- Shuōwén Jiězì radical №22
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 171, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3227
- Dae Jaweon: page 379, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 566, character 14
- Unihan data for U+53E3
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
口 | |
|---|---|---|
| variant forms | 𠙵 𠮚 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 口 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (口) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 口 | *kʰoːʔ |
| 叩 | *kʰoːʔ |
| 扣 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoːs |
| 釦 | *kʰoːʔ |
| 筘 | *kʰoːs |
Pictogram (象形) – resembles an open mouth.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
口
- (anatomy) mouth (Classifier: 把 c)
- entrance; opening; mouth (of an object)
- hole; cut
- 口子 ― kǒuzi ― hole
- government organ; department
- Classifier for family members, populations and guns.
- Classifier for bites or mouthfuls.
- (neologism, slang) to have oral sex
Synonyms[edit]
| Dialectal synonyms of 嘴 (“mouth”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 口 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 嘴 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 嘴 |
| Taiwan | 嘴 | |
| Tianjin | 嘴 | |
| Jinan | 嘴 | |
| Xi'an | 嘴 | |
| Wuhan | 嘴、嘴巴、嘴巴子 | |
| Chengdu | 嘴巴 | |
| Yangzhou | 嘴、嘴巴子 | |
| Hefei | 嘴 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 嘴、口 |
| Yangjiang | 嘴、口 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嘴巴 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 嘴 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 嘴 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 嘴 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 嘴 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 嘴 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 嘴 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 嘴 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 嘴 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 喙 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 喙 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 喙 |
| Quanzhou | 喙 | |
| Zhangzhou | 喙 | |
| Taipei | 喙 | |
| Kaohsiung | 喙 | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 喙 | |
| Chaozhou | 喙 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 嘴 |
| Wenzhou | 嘴、嘴嘴 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 嘴巴、嘴巴子 |
| Shuangfeng | 嘴巴 | |
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 口
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
口
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Terms derived from 口
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 口 |
| くつ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
/kutu/ → /kut͡su/
From Old Japanese. Appears in compound terms listed in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 938 CE.
The ancient combining form of modern reading kuchi.[1] Likely the original form.
No longer productive in modern Japanese. Only found in older compounds.
There are interesting potential phonetic and semantic overlaps with Middle Chinese 窟 (MC kʰuət̚, “hole; cave”), 口 (MC kʰəuX, “mouth; opening; hole”); Korean 굳 (gut), 굿 (gut, “hole; hollow; cavity”); possibly even Ainu クㇳ (kut), クッチ (kutchi, “throat”). One possibility is that these represent prehistoric nativized borrowings from Chinese. However, there is yet no clear evidence of relatedness.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 口 |
| くち Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
*/kutu i/ → /kuti/ → /kut͡ɕi/
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]
Shift from kutu above, probably by fusion with ancient nominal particle い (i). Compare the phonetic development of 神 (kami, “spirit, god”) from kamu + i, 木 (ki, “tree”) from ko + i, 目 (me, “eye”) from ma + i.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- mouth
- 1999 July 22, “グレード・ビル [Great Bill]”, in Vol.4 (in Japanese), Konami:
- どんなものでも丸飲みできる大きな口を持っている。
- Donna mono de mo marunomi dekiru ōkina kuchi o motteiru.
- Its massive mouth can swallow whole anything whole.
- どんなものでも丸飲みできる大きな口を持っている。
- opening
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 口 |
| く Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 口 (MC kʰəuX). The goon, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Counter[edit]
- used to count people
- used to count per-person portions
- used to count open-mouthed containers
- used to count bladed weapons or tools
Etymology 4[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 口 |
| こう Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 口 (MC kʰəuX). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation[edit]
Counter[edit]
- used to count people
- used to count bladed weapons or tools
References[edit]
- ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ^ c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3532), text here
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- The Oxford Starter Japanese Dictionary. →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds[edit]
- 口訣 (구결, gugyeol)
References[edit]
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
口
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 油口 (あんだぐち, andaguchi): compliment
- 油口ゃー (あんだぐちゃー, andaguchā): flatterer
- 沖縄口 (うちなーぐち, uchināguchi): Okinawan language
- うらんだ口 (うらんだぐち, urandaguchi): European language, Western language
- 書ち口, 書口 (かちぐち, kachiguchi): written language
- 口しば (くちしば, kuchishiba): lips
- 島口 (しまぐち, shimaguchi): island language, local language
- 唐口 (とーぐち, tōguchi): Chinese language
- 那覇口 (なーふぁぐち, nāfaguchi): Naha dialect
- 目口 (みーくち, mīkuchi): facial expression
- 大和口 (やまとぅぐち, yamatuguchi): standard Japanese language
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
口 (khẩu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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