向
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
向 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹月口 (HBR), four-corner 27220, composition ⿱丿冋)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 176, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3301
- Dae Jaweon: page 393, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 579, character 8
- Unihan data for U+5411
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 向 | ||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 宀 (“house”) + 口 (“window”).
Etymology 1
simp. and trad. |
向 |
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Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siàng
- Wade–Giles: hsiang4
- Yale: syàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianq
- Palladius: сян (sjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hoeng3
- Yale: heung
- Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng3
- Guangdong Romanization: hêng3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hœːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiong
- Hakka Romanization System: hiong
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiong4
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàng
- Tâi-lô: hiàng
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiaxng
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /hiaŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àⁿ
- Tâi-lô: ànn
- Phofsit Daibuun: vax
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ã²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /ã¹¹/
Note:
- hiòng/hiàng - literary;
- hiàⁿ/ǹg/àⁿ - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hiang3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiaŋ²¹³/
- Middle Chinese: xjangH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥aŋ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*hlaŋs/
Definitions
- to face
- to side with; to favour; to discriminate in favour of
- to admire; to revere
- to approach; to advance towards
- direction
- (figurative) direction; tendency; trend
- towards; to
- formerly; previously
- always; throughout
- (Taivoan religious concept) sorcery, taboo, and magic
Synonyms
- 往 (wǎng)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siàng
- Wade–Giles: hsiang4
- Yale: syàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianq
- Palladius: сян (sjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: syangH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋs/
Definitions
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 向 – see 嚮 (“to turn toward; to approach; toward; facing; against; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 嚮). |
Notes:
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Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 向 – see 曏 (“in the near past; in the past; formerly; facing; against; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 曏). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Kanji
向
- yonder
- facing
Readings
- Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Kan-on: きょう (kyō)←きやう (kyau, historical)
- On: しょう (shō)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kun: むく (muku, 向く, Jōyō); むかう (mukau, 向かう, Jōyō)←むかふ (mukafu, 向かふ, historical); さきに (sakini)
Proper noun
向 or 向 • (mukai or proper) ←むかひ (mukafi)?[[Category:Japanese Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Invalid part of speech.
|むかい]]
- a surname
Korean
Hanja
向 • (hyang, sang) (hangeul 향, 상, revised hyang, sang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, sang)
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading きやう
- Japanese kanji with on reading しょう
- Japanese kanji with historical on reading しやう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading む・く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading む・かう
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading む・かふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading さきに
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