噂
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]噂 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+12, 15 strokes, Cangjie input 口廿田戈 (RTWI), four-corner 68046, composition ⿰口尊)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 208, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4286
- Dae Jaweon: page 431, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 686, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5642
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 噂 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 噂 | |
| alternative forms | 譐／𬤢 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsuːnʔ): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 尊 (OC *ʔsuːn).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zyun2
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zong3 / zuong3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chún
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zǔn
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zǔn
- Wade–Giles: tsun3
- Yale: dzwǔn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoen
- Palladius: цзунь (czunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯ən²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zyun2
- Yale: jyún
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzyn2
- Guangdong Romanization: jun2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syːn³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zong3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ceông
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zuong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suoŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: tswonX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːnʔ/
Definitions
[edit]噂
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “噂”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 321.
Japanese
[edit]| Shinjitai (extended) |
Shinjitai (extended) |
噂󠄀 噂+ 󠄀?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
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| 噂󠄂 噂+ 󠄂?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||||
| Print standard | 噂 | 
| ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||||
Kanji
[edit]噂
Readings
[edit]Etymology
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 噂 |
| うわさ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
/ufasa/ → /uwasa/
First attested in works from the Muromachi period.[1]
Considering that the meaning originally referred to private conversation about one's social superiors, possibly derived as a compound of 上 (ufa, “up, upward”, ancient reading of modern uwa, the combining form of modern ue; in reference to those of higher social standing) + さ (sa, “-ness”, suffix indicating state or degree). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 噂する
| Plain | 噂する | うわさ・する | [ùwásá sùrú] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 噂して | うわさ・して | [ùwásá shìté] |
| Perfective | 噂した | うわさ・した | [ùwásá shìtá] |
| Negative | 噂しない | うわさ・しない | [ùwásá shìnáí] |
| Negative perfective | 噂しなかった | うわさ・しなかった | [ùwásá shìnáꜜkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 噂すれば | うわさ・すれば | [ùwásá sùréꜜbà] |
| Past conditional | 噂したら | うわさ・したら | [ùwásá shìtáꜜrà] |
| Imperative | 噂しろ 噂せよ |
うわさ・しろ うわさ・せよ |
[ùwásá shìró] [ùwásá séꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 噂しよう | うわさ・しよー | [ùwásá shìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 噂したい | うわさ・したい | [ùwásá shìtáí] |
| Formal | 噂します | うわさ・します | [ùwásá shìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 噂しません | うわさ・しません | [ùwásá shìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 噂しましょう | うわさ・しましょー | [ùwásá shìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 噂しました | うわさ・しました | [ùwásá shìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 噂し 噂しに |
うわさ・し うわさ・しに |
[ùwásá shì] [ùwásá shì ní] |
| Negative continuative | 噂せず 噂せずに |
うわさ・せず うわさ・せずに |
[ùwásá séꜜzù] [ùwásá séꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 噂される | うわさ・される | [ùwásá sàrérú] |
| Causative | 噂させる 噂さす |
うわさ・させる うわさ・さす |
[ùwásá sàsérú] [ùwásá sàsú] |
| Potential | 噂できる | うわさ・できる | [ùwásá dèkíꜜrù] |
Noun
[edit]- rumor, rumour
- gossip
- abbreviation of 噂付け (uwasazuke, obsolete): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Synonyms
[edit]Verb
[edit]噂する • (uwasa suru) transitive suru (stem 噂し (uwasa shi), past 噂した (uwasa shita))
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 噂し | うわさし | uwasa shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 噂し | うわさし | uwasa shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 噂する | うわさする | uwasa suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 噂する | うわさする | uwasa suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 噂すれ | うわさすれ | uwasa sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 噂せよ¹ 噂しろ² |
うわさせよ¹ うわさしろ² |
uwasa seyo¹ uwasa shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 噂される | うわさされる | uwasa sareru |
| Causative | 噂させる 噂さす |
うわささせる うわささす |
uwasa saseru uwasa sasu |
| Potential | 噂できる | うわさできる | uwasa dekiru |
| Volitional | 噂しよう | うわさしよう | uwasa shiyō |
| Negative | 噂しない | うわさしない | uwasa shinai |
| Negative continuative | 噂せず | うわさせず | uwasa sezu |
| Formal | 噂します | うわさします | uwasa shimasu |
| Perfective | 噂した | うわさした | uwasa shita |
| Conjunctive | 噂して | うわさして | uwasa shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 噂すれば | うわさすれば | uwasa sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
Idioms
[edit]- 噂をすれば (uwasa o sureba)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “うわさ［うはさ］ 【噂】
”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “▲噂”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]噂 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Categories:
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading そん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading そん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うわさ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading うはさ
- Japanese terms spelled with 噂 read as うわさ
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