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垂

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 埀, 乗, and 重
垂 U+5782, 垂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5782
← 垁
[U+5781] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 垃 →
[U+5783]

Translingual

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Stroke order
Stroke order (Japan)
8 strokes
Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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垂 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, Cangjie input 竹十廿一 (HJTM), four-corner 20104, composition ⿻⿱千工艹 or ⿻⿱千工卄)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 227, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5012
  • Dae Jaweon: page 463, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 432, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5782

Chinese

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trad. 垂
simp. # 垂
alternative forms
𡸁
埀
𡍮 ancient form
𠂹 ancient form
𠄒 ancient form
𡸁
埀
𡍮 ancient form
𠂹 ancient form
𠄒 ancient form
𠣔 ancient form
𠃀 ancient form
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 垂
Spring and Autumn Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (垂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
埵 *toːlʔ
綞 *toːlʔ
涶 *tʰoːl, *tʰoːls
唾 *tʰoːls
厜 *stol
腄 *tol, *dols, *ɢʷɯ
箠 *tol, *tjolʔ
娷 *tols
諈 *tols
錘 *dol, *dols, *du
甀 *dol, *dols
硾 *dols
捶 *tjolʔ
垂 *djol
陲 *djol
倕 *djol
菙 *djolʔ
睡 *djols

Originally 𡍮. Pictogram (象形): 𠂹 + 土, flowers hanging from a plant.

Etymology

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May be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *n(d)oj (“to hang from; to cling to; creeper”) (STEDT, under *d/nway), whence Burmese တွဲ (twai:, “to link; drooping, hanging”). Compare also the following Sinitic words:

  • 睡 (OC *djols, “to sleep”)
  • 朵 (OC *toːlʔ, “to hang from a tree; classifier for blossoms”)
  • 鬌 (OC *ʔl'oːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *l'ol, “portion of hair left on a child after a haircut”)
  • 橢 (OC *l̥ʰoːlʔ, “oblong, oval”)
  • 惰 (OC *l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls, “lazy, negligent”)
  • 緌 (OC *njul, “tassel”)
  • 蕊 (OC *ŋljolʔ, *ŋljulʔ, “reproductive organ of flower”)
  • 繠 (OC *ŋljolʔ, *ŋljulʔ, “to hang down”)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sui2 - literary;
  • tui2 - vernacular (used in 耳垂 and etc.).
Note:
  • sûi - literary;
  • sêr/sê/sôe - vernacular.
Note:
  • suê5 - “listless; wilted”.
Note:
  • Chongming:
    • 2dzei - literary;
    • 2zy - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 垂
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰuei³⁵/
Harbin /t͡sʰuei⁴⁴/
/t͡sʰuei⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰuei⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰuei⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰue⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰuei⁴²/
Xi'an /p͡fʰei²⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰuɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰuei⁵³/
Lanzhou /p͡fʰei⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰuei⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰuei²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰuei³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰuei²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰuei³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰuəi²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰue⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰuei¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰuei¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰuei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zø²³/
Suzhou /ze̞¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷei²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zz̩³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕye⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕy⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕyei¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡ʑyəi¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰui²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /sui¹¹/
Taoyuan /sui¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /søy²¹/
Nanning /sui²¹/
Hong Kong /søy²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sui³⁵/
/se³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /suoi⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /sy³³/
/ty⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /sui⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sui³¹/
Rime
Character 垂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 支 (12)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 是爲切
Baxter dzywe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑiuᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑʷiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑjuɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑwiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiue/
Wang
Li 		/ʑǐwe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʑwie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chuí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		seoi4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 垂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chuí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzywe ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]o[j]/
English hang down

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 垂
Reading # 1/1
No. 1676
Phonetic
component 		垂
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		𡍮
Old
Chinese 		/*djol/

Definitions

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垂

  1. to suspend; to hang (down); bend (down)
  2. to drip, to shed (tears)
  3. to hand down, to bequeath, to transmit (something abstract, such as a message or tradition) to one’s successors or aftercomers
  4. nearly; almost
  5. to approach
  6. (Teochew) listless
  7. (Teochew) wilted
  8. (obsolete) difficult; hard
  9. (obsolete) hardly; harshly

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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垂

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to suspend, to dangle, to hang

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
垂
しで
Grade: 6
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
四手
幣

連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 垂(し)づ (shizu).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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垂(しで) • (shide) 

  1. zigzag-shaped paper streamer often used to adorn Shinto-related objects
  2. hornbeam (plant)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
垂
たるみ
Grade: 6
nanori

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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垂(たるみ) • (Tarumi) 

  1. a surname

References

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  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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垂 (eum 수 (su))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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垂: Hán Nôm readings: thùy/thuỳ

  1. to hang, to fall, to follow
  2. adjacent to
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