型

型 U+578B, 型 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-578B ← 垊 [U+578A] CJK Unified Ideographs 垌 → [U+578C]

型 U+2F855, 型 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F855 ← 堍 [U+2F854] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 堲 → [U+2F856]

Translingual

Han character

型 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一弓土 (MNG), four-corner 1210₄, composition ⿱刑土)

Derived characters

• 𣕭

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 227, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5030
• Dae Jaweon: page 463, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 436, character 11
• Unihan data for U+578B

• Unihan data for U+2F855

Chinese

simp. and trad.		型
alternative forms		坓 𠜚 𡌁 𡌒

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 型
Warring States
Chu slip and silk script

Characters in the same phonetic series (井) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
硎	*kʰreːŋ, *ɡeːŋ
耕	*kreːŋ
荊	*keŋ
井	*skeŋʔ
丼	*kl'oːmʔ, *skeŋʔ
妌	*sɡeŋʔ
穽	*sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs
阱	*sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs
汫	*sɡeːŋʔ
刑	*ɡeːŋ
形	*ɡeːŋ
邢	*ɡeːŋ
鉶	*ɡeːŋ
型	*ɡeːŋ
侀	*ɡeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡeːŋ): phonetic 刑 (OC *ɡeːŋ) + semantic 土 (“earth”) – an earthen mold, hence form, pattern.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xíng (xing²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˊ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): xíng

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jing⁴

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): jeang⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hìn

  (Hailu, HRS): hin

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hin²

• Jin (Wiktionary): xing¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): hìng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hing²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hêng⁵

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): hing⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶yin / ²yin
  • (Jinhua): ²in; ²zhin
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xin²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: síng
    • Wade–Giles: hsing²
    • Yale: syíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyng
    • Palladius: син (sin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ³⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: xíng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ²⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jing⁴
    • Yale: yìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: jeang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /zəŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jen²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: hin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hin²
    • Sinological IPA: /hin¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: hin
    • Sinological IPA: /hin⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hin²
    • Sinological IPA: /hin¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xing¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hing²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: híng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hing²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng
    • Tâi-lô: hîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: heeng
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /heŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: hing⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /hiŋ²²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶yin
    • MiniDict: yin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/
  • (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ²yin
    • MiniDict: yin^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɦiŋ³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ɦiŋ³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦin²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦin²²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦiŋ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ɦin³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ɦin²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɦiŋ²³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ɦiŋ³¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ɦiŋ²²/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ²in; ²zhin
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /iŋ³¹³/, /ʑiŋ³¹³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: xin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: heng

Rime
Character	型
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	戸經切
Baxter	heng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦeŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦeŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣeŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	型
Reading #	1/1
No.	6865
Phonetic component	井
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	㓝
Old Chinese	/*ɡeːŋ/
Notes	井轉註字

Definitions

型

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mold
2. model; type; style; pattern

   血型  ―  xuèxíng  ―  blood type

   表現型／表现型  ―  biǎoxiànxíng  ―  phenotype

   基因型  ―  jīyīnxíng  ―  genotype

3. (Cantonese) stylish; cool

Compounds

• C型肝炎
• 丙型肝炎 (bǐngxíng gānyán)
• 中型 (zhōngxíng)
• 人口轉型 / 人口转型
• 公路類型 / 公路类型
• 典型 (diǎnxíng)
• 典型人物
• 典型作風 / 典型作风
• 典型足式
• 原型 (yuánxíng)
• 反叛型
• 句型 (jùxíng)
• 型別轉換 / 型别转换
• 型式 (xíngshì)
• 型態 / 型态 (xíngtài)
• 型男 (xíngnán)
• 型號 / 型号 (xínghào)
• 型鋼 / 型钢 (xínggāng)
• 型錄 / 型录 (xínglù)
• 外型 (wàixíng)
• 大型 (dàxíng)
• 大型企業 / 大型企业 (dàxíng qǐyè)
• 大型家電 / 大型家电
• 大型油輪 / 大型油轮
• 大型節目 / 大型节目
• 大型電腦 / 大型电脑
• 大帶型 / 大带型
• 定型 (dìngxíng)
• 小型 (xiǎoxíng)
• 小型報 / 小型报
• 小型股
• 巨型 (jùxíng)
• 微型 (wēixíng)
• 心型
• 意識型態 / 意识型态
• 成型 (chéngxíng)
• 手型
• 扮型
• 整型
• 整型外科
• 新型 (xīnxíng)
• 林型
• 核型 (héxíng)
• 模型 (móxíng)
• 模型玩具 (móxíng wánjù)
• 模型飛機 / 模型飞机
• 步型
• 流線型 / 流线型 (liúxiànxíng)
• 熱定型 / 热定型
• 特型演員 / 特型演员 (tèxíng yǎnyuán)
• 生活型態 / 生活型态 (shēnghuó xíngtài)
• 石膏模型 (shígāo móxíng)
• 碟型天線 / 碟型天线
• 網路型錄 / 网路型录
• 線型函數 / 线型函数
• 臉型 / 脸型 (liǎnxíng)
• 臺型 / 台型 (táixíng)
• 舊型 / 旧型
• 蠟原型 / 蜡原型
• 血型 (xuèxíng)
• 身型
• 轉型 / 转型 (zhuǎnxíng)
• 轉型期 / 转型期
• 造型 (zàoxíng)
• 重型 (zhòngxíng)
• 雛型 / 雏型 (chúxíng)
• 題型 / 题型
• 類型 / 类型 (lèixíng)
• 體型 / 体型 (tǐxíng)
• 髮型 / 发型 (fàxíng)

References

• “型”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00765
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “型”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 265.

Japanese

Kanji

型

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. mold, pattern
2. type, model, style

Readings

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
• On: ケイ (kei, Jōyō)
• Kun: かた (kata, 型, Jōyō)、がた (gata, 型)

Compounds

• 模(も)型(けい) (mokei)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
型
かた Grade: 5
kun'yomi

Noun senses are attested from the 8th century, with suffix use later. See 形(かた) (kata). Compare also 姿(すがた) (sugata, “appearance, likeness”), 模(かたぎ) (katagi, “model, pattern, template”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かた [kàtáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ta̠]

Noun

型(かた) • (kata) 

1. a style, a type
2. a mold, a pattern, a template
3. (martial arts) kata (choreographed training exercises)
4. (noh, kabuki) a particular style of stage movement or choreography
5. a convention, a standardized form or style
6. screen size (of a television, computer monitor, etc.) in inches

   32型(かた)テレビ ― sanjū-ni kata terebi ― a 32-inch television

Suffix

型(がた) • (-gata) 

1. type

   血液(けつえき)型(がた) ― ketsueki-gata ― blood type

2. shape, pattern, likeness

   Synonym: 形 (-gata)

   ハート型(がた) ― hāto-gata ― heart-shaped

See also

• 型 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ja
• Kata on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• “型”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

型 (eum 형 (hyeong))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

型: Hán Việt readings: hình
型: Nôm readings: hình

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation