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妨

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
妨 U+59A8, 妨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59A8
← 妧
[U+59A7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 妩 →
[U+59A9]

Translingual

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Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

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妨 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 女卜竹尸 (VYHS), four-corner 40427, composition ⿰女方)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 257, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6111
  • Dae Jaweon: page 522, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1033, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+59A8

Chinese

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trad. 妨
simp. # 妨
alternative forms 㤃

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
縍 *paːŋ
榜 *paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡 *paːŋʔ, *braːŋ
牓 *paːŋʔ
螃 *paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒 *paːŋs, *braːŋ
舫 *paːŋs, *paŋs
謗 *paːŋs
雱 *pʰaːŋ
磅 *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ
霶 *pʰaːŋ
滂 *pʰaːŋ
鎊 *pʰaːŋ
髈 *pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ
彷 *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ
趽 *baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs
房 *baːŋ, *baŋ
篣 *baːŋ, *braːŋ
騯 *baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍 *baːŋ, *baːŋs
膀 *baːŋ
旁 *baːŋ
徬 *baːŋs
閍 *praːŋ
祊 *praːŋ
嗙 *praːŋ
方 *paŋ, *baŋ
汸 *paŋ
坊 *paŋ, *baŋ
邡 *paŋ, *pʰaŋs
枋 *paŋ
鈁 *paŋ
蚄 *paŋ
肪 *paŋ, *baŋ
鴋 *paŋ, *baŋ
牥 *paŋ
昉 *paŋʔ
瓬 *paŋʔ
放 *paŋʔ, *paŋs
倣 *paŋʔ
芳 *pʰaŋ
淓 *pʰaŋ
妨 *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs
紡 *pʰaŋʔ
仿 *pʰaŋʔ
髣 *pʰaŋʔ
鶭 *pʰaŋʔ
訪 *pʰaŋs
防 *baŋ, *baŋs
魴 *baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs): semantic 女 + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ). 方 also once bore the now-obsolete meaning of "take up" (space), which can explain the meaning of this character as being "to obstruct someone from approaching a woman".

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-p(j)aŋ (“to block, obstruct”); compare Burmese ပင်း (pang:, “to wedge, block”), as well as the following Sinitic words (STEDT):

  • 坊 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ, “dike”)
  • 防 (OC *baŋ, *baŋs, “to protect against”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 妨 妨
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 陽 (106) 陽 (106)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 敷方切 敷亮切
Baxter phjang phjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰʉɐŋ/ /pʰʉɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰʷiɐŋ/ /pʰʷiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰiuɑŋ/ /pʰiuɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰuaŋ/ /pʰuaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/pʰiuaŋ/ /pʰiuaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/pʰĭwaŋ/ /pʰĭwaŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pʰiwaŋ/ /pʰiwaŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fāng fàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fong1 fong3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 妨
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fáng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ phjang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰaŋ/
English oppose

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 妨 妨
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 3043 3050
Phonetic
component 		方 方
Rime
group 		陽 陽
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		芳 訪
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰaŋ/ /*pʰaŋs/

Definitions

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妨

  1. to hinder; to impede; to obstruct; to disturb
  2. (often in the negative) to harm; to damage

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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妨

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. disturb

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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妨 (eumhun 방해할 방 (banghaehal bang))

  1. hanja form? of 방 (“interfere with, impede, obstruct”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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妨: Hán Nôm readings: phòng, phương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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