婆

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *baːl): phonetic 波 ‎(OC *paːl) + semantic 女 ‎(“woman”) – a kind of woman.

Han character

婆 (radical 38 女+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水水女 (EEV), four-corner 3440₄, composition ⿱波女)

1. old woman
2. grandmother
3. crone

Coordinate terms

• 爺

References

• KangXi: page 264, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6390
• Dae Jaweon: page 530, character 26
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1061, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5A46

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		婆

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pó (po²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): po⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): pô

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: pó
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˊ
    • Wade-Giles: p'o²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: por
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: po⁴
    • Yale: pòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: po⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰɔː²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pô
    • Tâi-lô: pô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pooi
    • IPA (Taipei): /po²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɤ¹³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 婆
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰo³⁵/
	Harbin	/pʰɤ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/pʰo⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/pʰə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/pʰə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰo⁴²/
	Xi'an	/pʰo²⁴/ ～娘 /pʰo⁴⁴/ 丈夫母親
	Xining	/pʰɔ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pʰuə⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/pʰə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/pʰɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/pʰo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/pʰo³¹/
	Guiyang	/pʰo²¹/
	Kunming	/pʰo³¹/
	Nanjing	/pʰo²⁴/
	Hefei	/pʰʊ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pʰɤ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pʰɔ¹³/ /pei¹³/ 老～
	Hohhot	/pʰɤ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/bu²³/
	Suzhou	/bu¹³/
	Hangzhou	/bo²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/bøy³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰo⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/pʰo⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/po¹³/
	Xiangtan	/bo¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰo²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰo¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/pʰo¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pʰɔ²¹/
	Nanning	/pʰɔ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/pʰɔ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/po³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/po⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/pɔ²¹/ /pɔ³³/ 賤
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/pʰua⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/fo³¹/ /ʔbo³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /buɑ/▼

Rime
Character	婆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄波切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/buɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwa/
Li Rong	/buɑ/
Wang Li	/buɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pó

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[b]ˤa[j]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːl/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	婆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pó
Middle Chinese	‹ ba ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˤa[j]/
English	婆娑 saunter, dance
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	婆
Reading #	1/1
No.	9734
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	婆
Old Chinese	/*baːl/
Notes	爾雅用於婆娑，廣韻老母乃如集韻同媻

Definitions

婆

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 婆婆 (pópo)
• 麻婆
• 麻婆豆腐 (má pó dòufu)
• 事頭婆／事头婆
• 衰婆
• 八婆 (bāpó)
• 鬼婆 (guǐpó)
• 肥婆
• 外婆 (wàipó)
• 老婆 (lǎopo)

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Japanese

Kanji

婆

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. old woman
2. grandmother
3. crone

Readings

• Goon: ば (ba)
• Kan’on: は (ha)
• Tōon: ほ (ho)
• Kun: ばば (baba)
  • Manyo-gana: ば (ba)

Synonyms

• 姥 (うば, uba)

See also

• (the maiden): 少女 (shōjo), 乙女 (otome), 処女 (shojo)
• (the mother): 母 (haha), 婚女 (konjo)
• (the crone): お婆さん (obaasan), 祖母 (sobo), 外祖母 (gaisobo)
• (the goddess): 女神 (megami)

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Korean

Hanja

婆 • ‎(pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune-Reischauer p'a)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

婆 (bà)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.