宋

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宋 U+5B8B, 宋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B8B
← 宊
[U+5B8A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 完 →
[U+5B8C]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

宋 (radical 40, 宀+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十木 (JD) or X十木 (XJD), four-corner 30904, composition ⿱宀木)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 282, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7078
  • Dae Jaweon: page 554, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 915, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5B8B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 宋

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 宋
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
宋-oracle.svg 宋-bronze.svg 宋-bronze-spring.svg 宋-silk.svg 宋-slip.svg 宋-seal.svg 宋-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (宋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
浨 *ruːmʔ
俕 *sluːms
宋 *sluːŋs
Wikipedia has articles on:

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 宋
Mandarin Beijing /suŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /suŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /suŋ⁵³/
Jinan /suŋ²¹/
Qingdao /səŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /suŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /suŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /suə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /suŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /sũn¹³/
Ürümqi /suŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /soŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /soŋ¹³/
Guiyang /soŋ²¹³/
Kunming /soŋ¹/
Nanjing /soŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /səŋ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /suəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /suŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /sũŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /soŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /soŋ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /soŋ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /soŋ⁴²/
Hui Shexian /sʌ̃³²⁴/
Tunxi /san⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /soŋ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /sən⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /suŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /suŋ⁵³/
Taoyuan /suŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /soŋ³³/
Nanning /ɬuŋ³³/
Hong Kong /suŋ³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sɔŋ²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /souŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /sɔŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /soŋ²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /soŋ³⁵/
/taŋ³⁵/
Rime
Character 宋
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 冬 (5)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇統切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/suoŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/suoŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/soŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sawŋH/
Li
Rong 		/soŋH/
Wang
Li 		/suoŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/suoŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		sòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sung3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宋
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		sòng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sowngH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s]ˁuŋ-s/
English (place name)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宋
Reading # 1/1
No. 12061
Phonetic
component 		宋
Rime
group 		終
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		宋
Old
Chinese 		/*sluːŋs/
Notes 疑林省聲

Definitions[edit]

宋

  1. (～朝) A former dynasty in China, reigning from the end of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms to the beginning of the Yuan
  2. A surname, listed 118th in the Baijiaxing
    宋美齡 / 宋美龄  ―  Sòng Měilíng  ―  Soong Mei-ling
  3. A former duchy and kingdom in China, occupying an area southeast of the Yellow River during the Warring States period
  4. A Chinese constellation, considered a part of the Left Wall of the Heavenly Market Enclosure

See also[edit]

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name Time period Divisions
Xia
夏 (～朝, ～代) 		2070 – 1600 B.C.E.
Shang
商 (～朝, ～代)
殷 (～朝, ～代) 		1600 – 1046 B.C.E.
Zhou
周 (～朝, ～代) 		1046 – 256 B.C.E. Western Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周／东周		 Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國／战国
Qin
秦 (～朝, ～代) 		221 – 206 B.C.E.
Han
漢／汉 (～朝, ～代) 		206 B.C.E. – 220 C.E. Western Han
西漢／西汉
Xin
新 (～朝)
Eastern Han
東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國／三国 		220 – 280 C.E. Wei
魏
Shu
蜀
Wu
吳／吴
Jin
晉／晋 (～朝, ～代) 		265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
西晉／西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝 		420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
北朝		 Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏／东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊／北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝		 Liu Song
劉宋／刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊／南齐
Liang
梁 (～朝, ～代)
Chen
陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui
隋 (～朝, ～代) 		581 – 618 C.E.
Tang
唐 (～朝, ～代) 		618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國／五代十国 		907 – 960 C.E.
Liao
遼／辽 (～朝, ～代) 		907 – 1125 C.E.
Song
宋 (～朝, ～代) 		960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏 		1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin
金 (～朝, ～代) 		1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao
西遼／西辽 		1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan
元 (～朝, ～代) 		1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming
明 (～朝, ～代) 		1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing
清 (～朝, ～代) 		1636 – 1912 C.E.

Descendants[edit]

  • → English: Song, Sung

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

宋

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. Song (Chinese dynasty)

Readings[edit]

(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
宋
そう
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 宋 (MC suoŋH). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

宋(そう) • (Sō) 

  1. Song (former Chinese dynasty):
    1. name of the state during the Zhou dynasty (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    2. the 劉宋 (Ryūsō), around 420-479
    3. the 北宋 (Hokusō, “Northern Song”) and 南宋 (Nansō, “Southern Song”) dynasties, spanning around 960-1279
  2. a surname​.

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

宋 (eum 송 (song))

  1. referring to the Song Dynasty (宋朝)
  2. A surname

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

宋: Hán Nôm readings: tống

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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