寂

寂	U+5BC2, 寂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC2

Translingual

Han character

寂 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 十卜火水 (JYFE), four-corner 3094₇, composition ⿱宀叔)

Derived characters

漃, 𢠭, 𬿟, 𫴇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7200
Dae Jaweon: page 569, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 4
Unihan data for U+5BC2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		寂
alternative forms		䆥𡧘𡧯𡧴𡨁䆥𡧘𡧯𡧴𡨁𥨅𡨜𢚍𥤽𥥒𠱙𧧌𰩒

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 寂
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
椒	*ʔsliw
茮	*ʔsliw
踧	l'ɯːwɢ, ʔslɯwɢ
蔋	*l'ɯːwɢ
惄	*nɯːwɢ
戚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慼	*sʰlɯːwɢ
鏚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慽	*sʰlɯːwɢ
磩	*sʰlɯːwɢ
寂	*zlɯːwɢ
嘁	*ʔsluːb
墄	*sʰlɯːɡ
摵	srɯːɡ, ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ
督	*ʔl'uːwɢ
錖	*ʔl'uːwɢ
裻	ʔl'uːwɢ, sluːwɢ
傶	*ʔslɯːwɢ
蹙	*ʔslɯwɢ
槭	*ʔslɯwɢ
縬	ʔslɯwɢ, ʔsrɯwɢ
顣	*ʔslɯwɢ
敊	*l̥ʰɯwɢ
琡	ʔljɯwɢ, l̥ʰjɯwɢ
俶	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
埱	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
淑	*ɦljɯwɢ
婌	*ɦljɯwɢ
尗	*hljɯwɢ
叔	*hljɯwɢ
掓	*hljɯwɢ
菽	*hljɯwɢ
鮛	*hljɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlɯːwɢ): semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jì, jí

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ, ㄐㄧˊ

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jǐ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zik⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sit

(Hailu, HRS): sid

(Meixian, Guangdong): xiug⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): jieh⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): cĭk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zih⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): che̍k / chia̍k / chi̍p / siok / chi̍t / chiauh / chih

(Teochew, Peng'im): sog⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁸zhiq / ⁸ziq / ⁸zieq / ⁸jiq
- (Jinhua): ⁸dziq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jì
  - Wade–Giles: chi⁴
  - Yale: jì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jí
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jí
  - Wade–Giles: chi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: jǐ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zik⁶
  - Yale: jihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xid^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: sid
  - Sinological IPA: /sit⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiʊk̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zih⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ci̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Dehua, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zek
  - Sinological IPA (Dehua): /t͡siɪk̚³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪk̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tsia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciak
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍p
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cip
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sip̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
  - Tâi-lô: siok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siog
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cit
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiauh
  - Tâi-lô: tsiauh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciauq
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siauʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chih
  - Tâi-lô: tsih
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciq
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siʔ⁵/

Note:

che̍k/chia̍k - literary;
chi̍p/chi̍t/siok - colloquial variants;
chiauh/chih - vernacular (e.g. 靜寂寂／静寂寂).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: sog⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sok
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sok̚²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸zhiq
  - MiniDict: zhih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵xxiq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑiɪʔ¹²/
- (Northern: Jiading, Suzhou, Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁸ziq
  - MiniDict: zih^入
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ziɪʔ¹²/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ziɪʔ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ziɪʔ²³/
- (Northern: Songjiang)
  - Wugniu: ⁸zieq
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ziʌʔ²²/
- (Northern: Chongming, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Fuyang, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ⁸jiq
  - MiniDict: jih^入
  - MiniDict: jieh^入
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /d͡ʑiɪʔ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡ʑiəʔ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Fuyang): /d͡ʑiɪʔ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /d͡ʑieʔ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹²/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /d͡ʑiəʔ¹²/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ⁸dziq
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /d͡ziəʔ²¹²/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: qi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

Middle Chinese: dzek

Rime
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	前歷切
Baxter	dzek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zek̚/
Wang Li	/d͡ziek̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-[d]ˤiwk/

(Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzek ›
Old Chinese	/*s-[d]ˁiwk/
English	quiet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
No.	11734
Phonetic component	尗
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	寂
Old Chinese	/*zlɯːwɢ/

Definitions

寂

still; silent; quiet
lonely; solitary

Compounds

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01035
“寂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

寂

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じゃく (jaku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō ^†)
Kun: さびしい (sabishii, 寂しい, Jōyō)、さび (sabi, 寂, Jōyō)、さびれる (sabireru, 寂れる, Jōyō)

Compounds

寂寥(せきりょう) (sekiryō)
静寂(せいじゃく) (seijaku)
寂(さび)しい (sabishii), 寂(さみ)しい (samishii)
寂寞(せきばく) (sekibaku)

References

“寂”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

寂 (eum 적 (jeok))

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Vietnamese

Han character

寂: Hán Nôm readings: tịch, chệt, tạch

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.