寡人

Chinese

		few; widowed	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (寡人)		寡	人

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guǎrén

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚˇ ㄖㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaa² jan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kóa-ngìn

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guǎrén
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚˇ ㄖㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guǎrén
    • Wade–Giles: kua³-jên²
    • Yale: gwǎ-rén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goaren
    • Palladius: гуажэнь (guažɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwaa² jan⁴
    • Yale: gwá yàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwaa² jan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: gua² yen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷaː³⁵ jɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóa-ngìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: gua^ˋ ngin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gua³ ngin²
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯a³¹ ŋin¹¹/

Pronoun

1. (humble, archaic) I; we; "your unworthy king" (first-person pronoun used by monarchs, similar to the royal we)

   梁惠王曰：「寡人之於國也，盡心焉耳矣。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
   梁惠王曰：「寡人之于国也，尽心焉耳矣。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

   From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

   Liánghuìwáng yuē: “Guǎrén zhī yú guó yě, jìnxīn yān ěr yǐ.” [Pinyin]

   King Hui of Liang said, "I have exerted my mind to the utmost for my kingdom."

2. (archaic) I (first-person pronoun used by the wife of a feudal prince)

See also

• 朕 (zhèn)

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 寡人

1. lonely person