幾

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 几
幾 U+5E7E, 幾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E7E
← 幽
[U+5E7D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 广 →
[U+5E7F]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

幾 (Kangxi radical 52, 幺+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女戈竹戈 (VIHI), four-corner 22253, composition ⿻⿻𢆶戈人(G) or ⿹⿻𢆶戈人(HTJK))

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Related characters[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

In standards of Hong Kong, Japan and Taiwan, the 人 component in the lower left of 幾 touches but does not cross the horizontal stroke in the 戈 component. In standard of Mainland China, the top of the 人 component crosses over the horizontal stroke in the 戈 component.

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 342, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9208
  • Dae Jaweon: page 652, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1095, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5E7E

Chinese[edit]

trad. 幾
simp. 几*
alternative forms 㡬
𢆻
𢆼

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (幾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
機 *kɯl
譏 *kɯl
嘰 *kɯl
磯 *kɯl
鞿 *kɯl
饑 *kɯl
禨 *kɯl, *kɯls
幾 *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls
鐖 *kɯl
僟 *kɯl
璣 *kɯl
蟣 *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl
穖 *kɯlʔ
畿 *ɡɯl

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 𢆶 (“silk threads; little things”) + 戍 (“to guard against”) – watching over the fine details.

Note that the simplified form 几 (OC *krilʔ, “small table”) is also a traditional character on its own.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • gūi - vernacular;
  • gī - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • kúi - vernacular;
    • kí - literary.
    Note:
    • gui2 - vernacular;
    • gi1 - literary;
    • gua3 - variant.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 幾
    Reading # 3/4
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 微 (20)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 居狶切
    Baxter kj+jX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kɨiX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kɨiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kiəiX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kɨjX/
    Li
    Rong         		/kiəiX/
    Wang
    Li         		/kĭəiX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ke̯iX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gei2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 幾
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jǐ
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kjɨjX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kəjʔ/
    English few; how many

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 幾
    Reading # 2/4
    No. 5800
    Phonetic
    component         		幾
    Rime
    group         		微
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		蟣
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kɯlʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    幾

    1. how much; how many
      幾位？／几位？  ―  Jǐwèi?  ―  How many people [e.g. when entering restaurants]?
      你要幾瓶？／你要几瓶？  ―  Nǐ yào jǐ píng?  ―  How many bottles do you want?
      你會說幾種語言？／你会说几种语言？  ―  Nǐ huì shuō jǐ zhǒng yǔyán?  ―  How many languages do you speak?
    2. (of number, time, date) what; which
      幾點鐘了？／几点钟了？  ―  Jǐ diǎnzhōng le?  ―  What time is it?
      今天幾號？／今天几号？  ―  Jīntiān jǐ hào?  ―  What's the date today?
      你幾號？／你几号？  ―  Nǐ jǐ hào?  ―  What's your number?
      你幾幾年的？／你几几年的？  ―  Nǐ jǐ jǐ nián de?  ―  What year were you born?
    3. a few; some; several
      我邊等邊瀏覽幾本雜誌。 [MSC, trad.]
      我边等边浏览几本杂志。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ biān děng biān liúlǎn jǐ běn zázhì. [Pinyin]
      I browsed through some magazines while I waited.
      幾天後他將回來。／几天后他将回来。  ―  Jǐ tiān hòu tā jiāng huílái.  ―  He will be back in a few days.
      同幾首歌／同几首歌 [Cantonese]  ―  tung4 gei2 sau2 go1 [Jyutping]  ―  the same old songs
    4. (of numeral amounts) some; something; odd
      八十幾年／八十几年  ―  bāshí jǐ nián  ―  eighty-something years; eighty-odd years
      八幾年／八几年 [Cantonese]  ―  baat3 gei2 nin4 [Jyutping]  ―  the '80s
      三點幾嚟，飲茶先呀！ [Cantonese, trad.]
      三点几嚟，饮茶先呀！ [Cantonese, simp.]
      From: 飲茶哥
      saam1 dim2 gei2 lai4, jam2 caa4 sin1 aa3! [Jyutping]
      (please add an English translation of this example)
    5. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Pinghua) how; how much
      佢今年幾大呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
      佢今年几大呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]
      keoi5 gam1 nin4-2 gei2 daai6 aa3? [Jyutping]
      How old is she this year?
      有幾難啫？／有几难啫？ [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 gei2 naan4 ze1? [Jyutping]  ―  How hard can it be?
    6. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Pinghua, Xiang) how; so; such
    7. (Cantonese) quite; rather; really; very; pretty
      幾好睇／几好睇 [Cantonese]  ―  gei2 hou2 tai2 [Jyutping]  ―  quite good-looking
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 多少 (“how many; how much”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 幾, 幾何, 幾多, 幾許, 多少
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多少
    Mandarin Beijing 多少
    Taiwan 多少
    Jinan 多少
    Xi'an 多少
    Wuhan 幾多, 好多
    Chengdu 好多
    Guilin 好多
    Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 幾, 幾多
    Yangzhou 多少
    Hefei 好些, 好多
    Singapore 多少
    Cantonese Guangzhou 幾多, 幾
    Hong Kong 幾多, 幾
    Taishan 幾多
    Yangjiang 幾多, 幾
    Singapore (Guangfu) 幾多, 幾
    Gan Nanchang 幾多
    Hakka Meixian 幾多
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 幾多
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 幾多
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 幾多
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 幾多
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 幾多
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 幾多
    Jin Taiyuan 多少
    Min Bei Jian'ou 幾多
    Min Dong Fuzhou 若夥
    Singapore (Fuqing) 若夥
    Min Nan Xiamen 偌濟
    Quanzhou 偌濟
    Shishi 偌濟
    Zhangzhou 偌濟
    Zhao'an 偌濟
    Tainan 偌濟, 幾
    Penang (Hokkien) 幾
    Singapore (Hokkien) 偌濟, 幾
    Manila (Hokkien) 偌濟, 幾
    Chaozhou 若濟
    Shantou 若濟
    Jieyang 若濟
    Pontianak (Teochew) 若濟
    Haikou 偌濟
    Wu Shanghai 多少, 幾化, 幾多化 dated
    Suzhou 幾化
    Ningbo 多少
    Wenzhou 幾倈兒, 幾倈
    Xiang Changsha 好多
    Xiangtan 幾, 幾多
    Shuangfeng 好多, 幾多
    Dialectal synonyms of 多 (“how (to what degree)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多
    Mandarin Taiwan 多
    Yantai (Muping) 多
    Jinan 多, 多麼
    Wanrong 多
    Xi'an 多
    Yinchuan 多
    Lanzhou 多
    Xining 多
    Ürümqi 多
    Wuhan 幾, 幾樣, 好
    Chengdu 好
    Guiyang 好
    Liuzhou 幾
    Xuzhou 多
    Yangzhou 多
    Nanjing 多
    Malaysia 多
    Cantonese Guangzhou 幾
    Hong Kong 幾
    Dongguan 幾
    Gan Nanchang 幾
    Lichuan 幾
    Pingxiang 幾
    Hakka Meixian 幾
    Yudu 幾
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 幾
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 幾
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 幾
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 幾
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 幾
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 幾
    Huizhou Jixi 多少
    Jin Taiyuan 多來
    Xinzhou 多麼, 多啦
    Min Bei Jian'ou 幾多
    Min Dong Fuzhou 若夥
    Min Nan Xiamen 偌
    Quanzhou 偌
    Zhangzhou 偌
    Penang (Hokkien) 偌
    Singapore (Hokkien) 偌
    Jieyang 若
    Singapore (Teochew) 若
    Leizhou 偌
    Haikou 偌
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 幾
    Wu Shanghai 多少, 幾化
    Shanghai (Chongming) 多下
    Suzhou 幾化
    Danyang 多
    Hangzhou 多少
    Wenzhou 幾倈
    Jinhua 幾很
    Xiang Changsha 好
    Loudi 好
    Dialectal synonyms of 多麼 (“how; what; so; such”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 何等, 何其, 一何, 何哉, 何等也, 何則
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多麼, 何等, 何其
    Mandarin Beijing 多麼, 多
    Taiwan 多麼, 多
    Jinan 多麼, 多
    Xi'an 多
    Wuhan 幾, 幾樣, 好
    Chengdu 好, 多
    Guilin 好
    Yangzhou 多
    Hefei 好
    Malaysia 多
    Singapore 多麼, 多
    Cantonese Guangzhou 幾, 幾咁
    Hong Kong 幾, 幾咁
    Yangjiang 幾
    Gan Nanchang 幾
    Hakka Meixian 幾
    Jin Taiyuan 多麼, 多來
    Min Bei Jian'ou 幾多
    Min Dong Fuzhou 若夥, 若
    Min Nan Xiamen 偌, 偌爾仔
    Quanzhou 偌
    Zhangzhou 偌, 偌爾仔, 偌仔爾
    Taipei 偌爾, 偌仔爾
    Kaohsiung 偌爾, 偌仔爾
    Penang (Hokkien) 偌
    Singapore (Hokkien) 偌
    Manila (Hokkien) 偌
    Chaozhou 若
    Singapore (Teochew) 若
    Wu Shanghai 多少, 幾化
    Suzhou 幾化
    Wenzhou 幾倈, 幾恁
    Xiang Changsha 幾, 幾多, 好
    Shuangfeng 幾, 好
    Compounds[edit]
    Descendants[edit]
    • → Thai: กี่ (gìi, “how many; how much”)
    • → Northern Thai: ᨠᩦ᩵
    • → Khün: ᨠᩦ᩵
    • → Lü: ᦂᦲᧈ (k̇ii¹)

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 幾
    Reading # 2/4
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 微 (20)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 居依切
    Baxter kj+j
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kɨi/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kɨi/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kiəi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kɨj/
    Li
    Rong         		/kiəi/
    Wang
    Li         		/kĭəi/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ke̯i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jī
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gei1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 幾
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jī
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kjɨj ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kəj/
    English small; almost

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 幾
    Reading # 1/4
    No. 5795
    Phonetic
    component         		幾
    Rime
    group         		微
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		機
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kɯl/

    Definitions[edit]

    幾

    1. (obsolete) fine; slight; minute
    2. (obsolete) dangerous
    3. (obsolete) Alternative form of 機／机 (jī, “governmental affairs”)
    4. (obsolete) symptom of a trend; omen
    5. almost; nearly
    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    Rime
    Character 幾
    Reading # 1/4
    Initial (聲) 群 (30)
    Final (韻) 微 (20)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 渠希切
    Baxter gj+j
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɡɨi/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɡɨi/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɡiəi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/gɨj/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɡiəi/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɡĭəi/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ge̯i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qí
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		kei4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 幾
    Reading # 3/4
    No. 5804
    Phonetic
    component         		幾
    Rime
    group         		微
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		祈
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡɯl/

    Definitions[edit]

    幾

    1. (obsolete) to be near; to reach; to attain; to achieve
    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 4[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    幾

    1. (obsolete) Alternative form of 冀 (jì, “to hope; to look forward to”)
    2. (obsolete) Alternative form of 紀／纪 (“age; year”)

    Further reading[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    幾

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *eku.

    Noun[edit]

    幾(いく) • (iku) 

    1. some, several

    Prefix[edit]

    幾(いく) • (iku-) 

    1. how many, how much
      幾(いく)箱(はこ)要(い)りますか。
      Iku-hako irimasu ka.
      How many boxes do you want?
    2. some, several, having an indefinite number or quantity
      幾(いく)千(せん)と云(い)う人(ひと)
      iku-sen to iu hito
      several thousand people
    3. some, many, having a considerable number
      幾(いく)日(にち)も行(い)っていた。
      Iku-nichi mo itte ita.
      I was gone for many days.

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    幾 (eumhun 기미 기 (gimi gi))

    1. Hanja form? of 기 (“how many, how much”).
    2. Hanja form? of 기 (“a few, some”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    幾: Hán Nôm readings: cơ, kỉ, ki

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=幾&oldid=73913532"