廉

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廉 U+5EC9, 廉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EC9
← 廈
[U+5EC8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 廊 →
[U+5ECA]

廉 U+F9A2, 廉
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9A2
← 說
[U+F9A1] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 念 →
[U+F9A3]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

廉 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈廿X金 (ITXC), four-corner 00237, composition ⿸广兼)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 349, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9436
  • Dae Jaweon: page 659, character 32
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 896, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5EC9

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 廉
alternative forms
 
亷
㢘
槏
𠪊
𤎉
亷
㢘
槏
𠪊
𤎉
𠪕
𢉧
𢋯
𠔳

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 廉
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (兼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
譧 *r'eːms
賺 *r'eːms
尲 *kreːm
鹻 *kreːmʔ
歉 *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms
槏 *kʰreːmʔ
鰜 *ɡreːm, *keːm
稴 *ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm
豏 *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms
甉 *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm
廉 *ɡ·rem
鎌 *ɡ·rem
鬑 *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
鐮 *ɡ·rem
簾 *ɡ·rem
薕 *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
蠊 *ɡ·rem
嬚 *ɡ·remʔ
溓 *ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ
嵰 *kʰremʔ
隒 *ŋɡremʔ
熑 *ɡ·reːm
濂 *ɡ·reːm
燫 *ɡ·reːm
兼 *keːm, *keːms
縑 *keːm
鶼 *keːm
蒹 *keːm
搛 *keːm
謙 *kʰeːm
膁 *kʰeːmʔ
嗛 *kʰeːmʔ
慊 *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb
傔 *kʰeːms
馦 *qʰeːm
嫌 *ɡeːm
鼸 *ɡeːmʔ
尷 *kreːm

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rem): semantic 广 + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • liam5 - Chaozhou;
  • niam5 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai;
  • niang5 - Chenghai.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 廉
    Mandarin Beijing /lian³⁵/
    Harbin /lian²⁴/
    Tianjin /lian⁴⁵/
    Jinan /liã⁴²/
    Qingdao /liã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /lian⁴²/
    Xi'an /liã²⁴/
    Xining /liã²⁴/
    Yinchuan /lian⁵³/
    Lanzhou /liɛ̃n⁵³/
    Ürümqi /lian⁵¹/
    Wuhan /niɛn²¹³/
    Chengdu /nian³¹/
    Guiyang /nian²¹/
    Kunming /liɛ̃³¹/
    Nanjing /lien²⁴/
    Hefei /liĩ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /lie¹¹/
    Pingyao /lie̞¹³/
    Hohhot /lie³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /li²³/
    Suzhou /liɪ¹³/
    Hangzhou /liẽ̞²¹³/
    Wenzhou /li³¹/
    Hui Shexian /le⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /liɛ⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /liẽ¹³/
    Xiangtan /niẽ¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /liɛn⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /liam¹¹/
    Taoyuan /liɑm¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lim²¹/
    Nanning /lim²¹/
    Hong Kong /lim²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /liam³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /lieŋ⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /liŋ²¹/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /niam⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /liam³¹/
    Rime
    Character 廉
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 鹽 (153)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力鹽切
    Baxter ljem
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/liᴇm/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/liɛm/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ljæm/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/liam/
    Li
    Rong         		/liɛm/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭɛm/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯ɛm/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lián
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lim4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 廉 廉
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lián lián
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ljem › ‹ ljem ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*(k-)rem/ /*[r]em/
    English frugal angle

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 廉
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6042
    Phonetic
    component         		兼
    Rime
    group         		談
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		廉
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡ·rem/

    Definitions[edit]

    廉

    1. clean; incorruptible; honorable; honest
    2. inexpensive
    3. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Antonyms[edit]

    • (inexpensive): 貴／贵 (guì)

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai 廉
    Kyūjitai
    [1]
    廉
    &#xF9A2;
    or
    廉+&#xFE00;?
    廉󠄀
    廉+&#xE0100;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    廉󠄃
    廉+&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    廉

    (common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 廉)

    Readings[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    廉(かど) • (kado) 

    1. grounds (for suspicion), a charge (for a crime)

    Proper noun[edit]

    廉(れん) • (Ren) 

    1. a male or female given name

    References[edit]

    1. ^ “廉”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2023

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    廉 (eumhun 청렴할 렴 (cheongnyeomhal ryeom), South Korea 청렴할 염 (cheongnyeomhal yeom))

    1. Hanja form? of 렴/염 (“upright, honorable, honest, pure”).
    2. Hanja form? of 렴/염 (“to spy on”).

    Compounds[edit]

    1. 청렴(淸廉) (cheongnyeom, “honesty”)
    2. 염탐(廉探) (yeomtam, “snooping, nosing around”)

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    廉: Hán Nôm readings: liêm, rèm

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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