彼岸

Chinese

		that; those; (one) another)	bank; shore; beach bank; shore; beach; coast
simp. and trad. (彼岸)		彼	岸

Etymology

Literal translation of Sanskrit पारमिता (pāramitā). Compare the phonetic translation 波羅蜜多／波罗蜜多 (bōluómìduō).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǐ'àn

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˇ ㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bei² ngon⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pí-gān

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǐ'àn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˇ ㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǐ-àn
    • Wade–Giles: pi³-an⁴
    • Yale: bǐ-àn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biiann
    • Palladius: биань (bianʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bei² ngon⁶
    • Yale: béi ngohn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bei² ngon⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: béi² ngon⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯³⁵ ŋɔːn²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pí-gān
    • Tâi-lô: pí-gān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: py'gan
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

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• Middle Chinese: pjeX nganH

Rime
Character	彼	岸
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	支 (13)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	甫委切	五旰切
Baxter	pjeX	nganH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiᴇX/	/ŋɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiɛX/	/ŋɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/piɛX/	/ŋɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pjiə̆X/	/ŋanH/
Li Rong	/pjeX/	/ŋɑnH/
Wang Li	/pǐeX/	/ŋɑnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pie̯X/	/ŋɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǐ	àn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bei2	ngon6

Noun

彼岸

1. (literary) opposite bank (of a river, etc.); the other shore; the other side
2. (Buddhism) paramita; the perfection of a virtue; the goal to be reached

Synonyms

• (paramita): 波羅蜜／波罗蜜 (bōluómì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (彼岸):

• → Japanese: 彼岸(ひがん) (higan)
• → Korean: 피안(彼岸) (pian)
• → Vietnamese: bỉ ngạn (彼岸)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
彼	岸
ひ Grade: S	がん Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative forms

• お彼岸(ひがん) (o-higan)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひがん [hìgáꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) ひがん [hìgáń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [çiɡã̠ɴ]

Noun

彼(ひ)岸(がん) • (higan) 

1. (literary) the opposite shore
2. (subsequently) the afterlife

   Antonyms: 此岸 (shigan), 娑婆 (shaba)

3. (Buddhism) pāramitā the sought after perfection, clipping of 到彼岸 (tōhigan)

   Synonym: 波羅蜜多 (haramitta)

4. clipping of 彼岸会 (higan'e), the 7 days surrounding the vernal and autumnal equinoxes; also the Buddhist ceremonies held during this period

   Alternative form: お彼岸 (o-higan)

Derived terms

• 彼(ひ)岸(がん)桜(ざくら) (higanzakura)
• 彼(ひ)岸(がん)潮(しお) (higanshio)
• 彼(ひ)岸(がん)花(ばな) (higanbana)
• 彼(ひ)岸(がん)河豚(ふぐ) (higanfugu)

References

• “彼岸”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
彼	岸

Noun

彼岸 • (pian) (hangeul 피안)

1. hanja form^? of 피안 (“the paramita”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
彼	岸

Noun

彼岸

1. chữ Hán form of bỉ ngạn