徐

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徐 U+5F90, 徐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F90
← 徏
[U+5F8F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 徑 →
[U+5F91]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

徐 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹人人一木 (HOOMD), four-corner 28294, composition ⿰彳余)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 367, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10110
  • Dae Jaweon: page 690, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 825, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5F90

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 徐

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 徐
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (余) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
斜 *lja, *laː
茶 *rlaː
荼 *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː
梌 *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
搽 *rlaː
塗 *rlaː, *l'aː
佘 *ɦlja
賒 *hljaː
畬 *hljaː, *la
舍 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
捨 *hljaːʔ
騇 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
涻 *hljaːs
稌 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ
悇 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las
庩 *l̥ʰaː
捈 *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
途 *l'aː
酴 *l'aː
駼 *l'aː
鵌 *l'aː, *la
涂 *l'aː, *l'a
嵞 *l'aː
峹 *l'aː
筡 *l'aː, *l̥ʰa
蒤 *l'aː
徐 *lja
俆 *lja
敘 *ljaʔ
漵 *ljaʔ
除 *l'a, *l'as
篨 *rla
滁 *rla
蒢 *rla
蜍 *ɦlja, *la
鵨 *hljaː
瑹 *hlja
余 *la
餘 *la
艅 *la
狳 *la
雓 *la
悆 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *lja): semantic 彳 (“walk slowly”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • Xiamen, Zhangzhou:
    • chhî - vernacular (including surname);
    • sû/sî - literary.
  • Quanzhou:
    • chhî - vernacular;
    • sîr - literary (including surname).
  • (Teochew)
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 徐
    Mandarin Beijing /ɕy³⁵/
    Harbin /ɕy²⁴/
    Tianjin /ɕy⁴⁵/
    Jinan /ɕy⁴²/
    Qingdao /sy⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /sy⁴²/
    Xi'an /ɕy²⁴/
    Xining /ɕy²⁴/
    Yinchuan /ɕy⁵³/
    Lanzhou /ɕy⁵³/
    Ürümqi /ɕy⁵¹/
    Wuhan /ɕy²¹³/
    Chengdu /ɕy³¹/
    Guiyang /ɕi²¹/
    Kunming /ɕi³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡sʰy²⁴/
    Hefei /sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /ɕy¹¹/
    Pingyao /ɕy¹³/
    Hohhot /ɕy³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
    Suzhou /zi¹³/
    Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /zei³¹/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰi⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /si¹³/
    Xiangtan /ɕy¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰi¹¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sʰi¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰøy²¹/
    Nanning /t͡sʰy²¹/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰøy²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /su³⁵/
    /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sy⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sy²¹/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /si³¹/
    Rime
    Character 徐
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 邪 (17)
    Final (韻) 魚 (22)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 似魚切
    Baxter zjo
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/zɨʌ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ziɔ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ziɔ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/zɨə̆/
    Li
    Rong         		/ziɔ/
    Wang
    Li         		/zĭo/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/zi̯wo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xú
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		ceoi4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 徐
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xú
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ zjo ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sə.la/
    English walk slowly

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 徐
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15782
    Phonetic
    component         		余
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		徐
    Old
    Chinese         		/*lja/

    Definitions[edit]

    徐

    1. slowly; quietly; calmly
    2. composed; poised
    3. Short for 徐州 (Xúzhōu, “Xuzhou”).
    4. a surname
      徐霞客  ―  Xú Xiákè  ―  Xu Xiake (Ming dynasty travel writer)

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → English: Xu, Hsu, Chui, Tsui, Zee, Chee

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    徐

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. slow, gradual

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    徐 (eumhun 천천히 서 (cheoncheonhi seo))

    1. slow
    2. a surname

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    徐: Hán Nôm readings: từ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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