拾遺

Chinese

		pick up; ten (fraud-proof)	to lose; to leave behind
trad. (拾遺)		拾	遺
simp. (拾遗)		拾	遗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shíyí

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sap⁶ wai⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): si̍p-ûi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shíyí
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shíhyí
    • Wade–Giles: shih²-i²
    • Yale: shŕ-yí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyryi
    • Palladius: шии (šii)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ i³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 拾遺 / 拾遗 時宜 / 时宜 食宜

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sap⁶ wai⁴
    • Yale: sahp wàih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sap⁹ wai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: seb⁶ wei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐp̚² wɐi̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍p-ûi
    • Tâi-lô: si̍p-uî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sib'uii
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sip̚²⁴⁻² ui²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sip̚⁴⁻³² ui²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ui¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: dzyip ywij

Rime
Character	拾	遺
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	是執切	以追切
Baxter	dzyip	ywij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/	/jiuɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑip̚/	/jʷi/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjep̚/	/juɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑip̚/	/jwi/
Li Rong	/ʑiəp̚/	/ui/
Wang Li	/ʑĭĕp̚/	/jwi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯əp̚/	/wi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shí	wéi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sap6	wai4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d][ə]p  [ɢ](r)uj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjub  lul/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	拾	遺
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shí	yí
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyip ›	‹ ywij ›
Old Chinese	/*[d][ə]p/	/*[ɢ](r)uj/
English	pick up, gather	leave; reject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	拾	遺
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	5001	4741
Phonetic component	合	貴
Rime group	緝	微
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	十	惟
Old Chinese	/*ɡjub/	/*lul/

Verb

拾遺

1. to appropriate lost property

   • 國法禁拾遺，惡民之串以無分得也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     国法禁拾遗，恶民之串以无分得也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Guófǎ jìn shíyí, è mín zhī guàn yǐ wú fēn dé yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. to make good omissions (often used in book titles)

Derived terms

• 路不拾遺 / 路不拾遗 (lùbùshíyí)
• 道不拾遺 / 道不拾遗 (dàobùshíyí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (拾遺):

• → Japanese: 拾(しゅう)遺(い) (shūi)
• → Korean: 습유(拾遺) (seubyu)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
拾	遺
しゅう Grade: 3	い Grade: 6
kan'on

Etymology

/ɕipu wi/ → /ɕiɸuwi/ → /ɕiuwi/ → /ɕɨːwi/ → /ɕɨːi/

From Middle Chinese 拾遺 (MC dzyip ywij).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅうい [shúꜜùì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨːi]

Noun

拾(しゅう)遺(い) • (shūi) ^{←しふゐ (sifwi)?}

1. a gleaning, especially of missed works in a book or unpublished poems of an anthology
2. (historical) Chinese equivalent of 侍従 (jijū): an equerry in the imperial ministry of the center
3. (historical) in China, compensation for a ruler's negligence; also a government official who admonishes for the ruler's said act(s)
4. a kind of 薫き物 (takimono, “mixture of aromatic woods”)

Derived terms

• 拾(しゅう)遺(い)抄(しょう) (Shūishō)
• 拾(しゅう)遺(い)補(ほ)闕(けつ) (shūi hoketsu)
• 拾(しゅう)遺(い)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) (Shūi Wakashū)
• 宇(う)治(じ)拾(しゅう)遺(い)物(もの)語(がたり) (Uji Shūi Monogatari)

Verb

拾(しゅう)遺(い)する • (shūi suru) ^{←しふゐ (sifwi)?}suru (stem 拾(しゅう)遺(い)し (shūi shi), past 拾(しゅう)遺(い)した (shūi shita))

1. to glean especially missed works in a book

Conjugation

Conjugation of "拾遺する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	拾遺し	しゅういし	shūi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	拾遺し	しゅういし	shūi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	拾遺する	しゅういする	shūi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	拾遺する	しゅういする	shūi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	拾遺すれ	しゅういすれ	shūi sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	拾遺せよ¹ 拾遺しろ²	しゅういせよ¹ しゅういしろ²	shūi seyo¹ shūi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	拾遺される	しゅういされる	shūi sareru
Causative	拾遺させる 拾遺さす	しゅういさせる しゅういさす	shūi saseru shūi sasu
Potential	拾遺できる	しゅういできる	shūi dekiru
Volitional	拾遺しよう	しゅういしよう	shūi shiyō
Negative	拾遺しない	しゅういしない	shūi shinai
Negative continuative	拾遺せず	しゅういせず	shūi sezu
Formal	拾遺します	しゅういします	shūi shimasu
Perfective	拾遺した	しゅういした	shūi shita
Conjunctive	拾遺して	しゅういして	shūi shite
Hypothetical conditional	拾遺すれば	しゅういすれば	shūi sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Proper noun

拾(しゅう)遺(い) • (Shūi) ^{←しふゐ (Sifwi)?}

1. short for 拾遺和歌集 (Shūi Wakashū): the third of the imperial waka anthologies

References

• “拾遺”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025