斬

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See also: 斩 and 䡊
斬 U+65AC, 斬
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65AC
← 斫
[U+65AB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 断 →
[U+65AD]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

斬 (Kangxi radical 69, 斤+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十十竹一中 (JJHML), four-corner 52021, composition ⿰車斤)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 479, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13555
  • Dae Jaweon: page 838, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2024, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+65AC

Chinese[edit]

trad. 斬
simp. 斩

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (斬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
慚 *zaːm
慙 *zaːm
鏨 *zaːm, *zaːmʔ, *zaːms, *zeːm, *zamʔ
槧 *zaːmʔ, *sʰam, *sʰams, *zamʔ
暫 *zaːms
蹔 *zaːms
斬 *ʔsreːmʔ
獑 *zeːm, *zaːm
嶃 *zreːmʔ, *zaːm
覱 *ʔsraːms
摲 *sʰraːms
漸 *ʔsam, *zamʔ
塹 *sʰams
壍 *sʰams
嬱 *sʰams
螹 *zam, *zamʔ
蔪 *zamʔ

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chám - literary;
  • cháⁿ - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 斬
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂan²¹⁴/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂan²¹³/
    Tianjin /t͡san¹³/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂã⁵⁵/
    Qingdao /t͡sã⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂan⁵³/
    Xi'an /t͡sã⁵³/
    Xining /t͡sã⁵³/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂan⁵³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /t͡san⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡san⁴²/
    Chengdu /t͡san⁵³/
    Guiyang /t͡san⁴²/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂã̠⁵³³¹/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂaŋ²¹²/
    Hefei /ʈ͡ʂæ̃²⁴/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sæ̃⁵³/
    Pingyao /t͡sɑŋ⁵³/
    /t͡sɑ⁵³/
    Hohhot /t͡sæ̃⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡se³⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡se̞⁵¹/
    Hangzhou /t͡sẽ̞⁵³/
    Wenzhou /t͡sa³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sɛ³⁵/
    Tunxi /t͡sɔ³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡san⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /t͡san⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡san²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sam³¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sɑm³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sam³⁵/
    Nanning /t͡sɛm³⁵/
    /t͡sam³⁵/
    Hong Kong /t͡sam³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sam⁵³/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡saŋ³²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡saŋ²¹/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰam⁵³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /tam²¹³/
    Rime
    Character 斬
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
    Final (韻) 咸 (151)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 側減切
    Baxter tsreamX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ʃˠɛmX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈ͡ʂᵚæmX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ʃɐmX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈ͡ʂəɨmX/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ʃɐmX/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ʃɐmX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʈ͡ʂămX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhǎn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zaam2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 斬
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhǎn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsrɛmX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ts]ramʔ/
    English cut off

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 斬
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 16796
    Phonetic
    component         		斬
    Rime
    group         		談
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		斬
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ʔsreːmʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    斬

    1. to cut; to hack; to chop (with a large blade, forcefully)
      斬叉燒、斬雞／斩叉烧、斩鸡 [Cantonese]  ―  zaam2 caa1 siu1, zaam2 gai1 [Jyutping]  ―  to cut char siu; to cut chicken
      斬樹／斩树 [Cantonese]  ―  zaam2 syu6 [Jyutping]  ―  to fell a tree
      斬死人／斩死人 [Cantonese]  ―  zaam2 sei2 jan4 [Jyutping]  ―  to hack a person to death
    2. to behead (as punishment); to chop the waist
    3. a surname: Zhan
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (to cut):
    Dialectal synonyms of 砍 (“to chop; to hack”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 砍
    Mandarin Beijing 砍
    Taiwan 砍
    Jinan 砍
    Xi'an 砍
    Wuhan 砍, 剁
    Chengdu 砍
    Guilin 砍
    Yangzhou 砍, 㓠
    Hefei 砍
    Singapore 砍, 斬
    Cantonese Guangzhou 斬
    Hong Kong 斬
    Yangjiang 并
    Beihai 斬
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 斬
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 斬
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 斬
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 斬
    Singapore (Guangfu) 斬
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 斬
    Móng Cái 斬
    Gan Nanchang 砍, 剁
    Hakka Meixian 斬, 砍
    Jin Taiyuan 砍
    Min Bei Jian'ou 砍, 斫
    Min Dong Fuzhou 剉, 鍘
    Min Nan Xiamen 鏨, 砍
    Quanzhou 鏨
    Zhangzhou 鏨
    Taipei 鏨
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 鏨
    Kaohsiung 鏨
    Yilan 鏨
    Changhua (Lukang) 鏨
    Taichung 鏨, 斲
    Tainan 鏨
    Hsinchu 鏨, 斲
    Kinmen 鏨
    Penghu (Magong) 鏨
    Penang (Hokkien) 鏨
    Singapore (Hokkien) 斲, 斬
    Manila (Hokkien) 鏨
    Chaozhou 斬, 斲
    Shantou 斬
    Jieyang 斬, 斲
    Singapore (Teochew) 斲
    Pontianak (Teochew) 斬
    Wu Suzhou 㔍
    Wenzhou 剉, 剁
    Xiang Changsha 砍, 剁
    Shuangfeng 剁, 砍

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (斬):
    • → Vietnamese: trảm (斬)

    Others:

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    斬

    1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of 鏨／錾

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    斬

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. beheading
    2. kill, murder
    3. cut
    4. slay, slaying

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    斬 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    斬: Hán Nôm readings: trảm, chém

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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