新

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Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
新-bw.png

Etymology[edit]

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亲 ‎(“hazelnut tree”) + 斤 ‎(“axe”) – to cut down a tree with an axe (hence starting something new). 亲/辛 also used for phonetic value.

Han character[edit]

新 (radical 69 斤+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜木竹一中 (YDHML), four-corner 02921, composition ⿰亲斤)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 480, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13572
  • Dae Jaweon: page 839, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2026, character 21
  • Unihan data for U+65B0

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 新

Pronunciation[edit]

Dialectal pronunciations (新)
Variety Location 新
Mandarin Beijing /ɕin⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕin⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕin²¹/
Jinan /ɕiẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /siə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /sin²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕiẽ²¹/
Xining /ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɕĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ɕin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕin⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /sin³¹/
Hefei /ɕin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕiŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /sin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕin³³/
Wenzhou /saŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /siʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /sin¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /sin³³/
Xiangtan /sin³³/
Gan Nanchang /ɕin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sin⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sin²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐn⁵³/
Nanning /ɬɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /sɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sin⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /siŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /seiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /siŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /tin²³/
Middle Chinese pronunciation (新, reconstructed)
Character (新), Pronunciation 1/1

Initial: 心 (16)
Final: 眞 (43)
Tone: Level (Ø)

Openness: Open
Division: III
Fanqie: 息鄰切

 Expected Mandarin reflex: xīn
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 Pan
Wuyun		 Shao
Rongfen		 Edwin
Pulleyblank		 Li
Rong		 Wang
Li		 Bernard
Karlgren
/siɪn/ /sin/ /sjen/ /sin/ /siĕn/ /sĭĕn/ /si̯ĕn/
Old Chinese pronunciation (新, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character Modern Beijing
(Pinyin)		 Middle Chinese Old Chinese English
新 xīn ‹ sin › /*s.tsʰi[n]/ new

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

  • Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
  • Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
  • Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
  • Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
  • Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character No. Phonetic
component		 Rime
group		 Rime
subdivision		 Corresponding
MC rime		 Old Chinese Notes
新 13811 辛 眞 2 新 /*siŋ/

Definitions[edit]

新

  1. new; fresh
    你的新電腦運行得好嗎？ / 你的新电脑运行得好吗？  ―  Nǐ de xīn diànnǎo yùnxíng dé hǎo ma?  ―  Does your new computer run well?
    新鮭魚二月前不上市，對嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
    新鲑鱼二月前不上市，对吗？ [MSC, simp.]
    Xīn guīyú èryuè qián bù shàngshì, duì ma? [Pinyin]
    Fresh salmon doesn't come in before February, does it?
  2. newly; freshly; recently
    我正在找一個新建成的超市。 [MSC, trad.]
    我正在找一个新建成的超市。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ zhèngzài zhǎo yī ge xīn jiànchéng de chāoshì. [Pinyin]
    I'm looking for the newly built supermarket
  3. neo- (prefix)
    新納粹 / 新纳粹  ―  xīn nàcuì  ―  neo-Nazi
  4. (chemistry) meso-
  5. A surname​. Xin
  6. Abbreviation of 新疆 ‎(“Xinjiang”).
  7. Abbreviation of 新加坡 ‎(“Singapore”).

Antonyms[edit]

  • 舊／旧 (jiù, “old, former”)

Compounds[edit]

Terms derived from 新

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

See also:
新

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Prefix[edit]

新 ‎(hiragana しん, romaji shin-)

  1. new
    • Light Yagami from Death Note
      僕 (ぼく)は新 (しん)世界 (せかい)の神 (かみ)だ。
      Boku wa shinsekai no kami da.
      I am god of the new world.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

新 • ‎(sin) (hangeul 신, McCune-Reischauer sin, Yale sin)

  1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

新 (tân, tâng, huy)

  1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.
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