橋

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See also: 桥
橋 U+6A4B, 橋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A4B
← 橊
[U+6A4A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 橌 →
[U+6A4C]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

橋 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木竹大月 (DHKB), four-corner 42927, composition ⿰木喬)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 553, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15526
  • Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1292, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6A4B

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 橋
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (喬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
驕 *krew
嬌 *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew
憍 *krew, *kʰrew
穚 *krew
鷮 *krew, *ɡrew
蕎 *krew, *ɡrew
喬 *krew, *ɡrew
簥 *krew
撟 *krew, *krewʔ
矯 *krewʔ
鱎 *krewʔ
敽 *krewʔ
蟜 *krewʔ, *ɡrew
譑 *krewʔ, *kʰews
蹻 *krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ
繑 *kʰew
鞽 *kʰrew
趫 *kʰrew, *ɡrew
嘺 *ɡew
橋 *ɡrew
僑 *ɡrew
鐈 *ɡrew
毊 *ɡrew, *qʰrew
轎 *ɡrew, *ɡrews
嶠 *ɡrews
獢 *qʰrew
屩 *kewɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrew): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).

Etymology 1[edit]

trad. 橋
simp. 桥
alternative forms 槗
𫞎
𫞏
Wikipedia has articles on:
橋

Possibly related to 撟 (OC *krew, *krewʔ, “to raise; to lift”), 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) (Liu, 1999).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • kiô - vernacular;
  • kiâu - literary.
Note:
  • gio5 - Shantou, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Pontianak;
  • giê5 - Chaozhou, Chenghai.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 橋
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 群 (30)
    Final (韻) 宵 (92)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 巨嬌切
    Baxter gjew
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɡˠiᴇu/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɡᵚiɛu/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɡiæu/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/giaw/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɡjɛu/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɡĭɛu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/gi̯ɛu/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qiáo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		kiu4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 橋
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		qiáo
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ gjew ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ɡ](r)aw/
    English bridge

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 橋
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 10351
    Phonetic
    component         		喬
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		喬
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡrew/

    Definitions[edit]

    橋

    1. (countable) bridge (over a river) (Classifier: 座 m c mn; 道 m g; 條／条 c h mn mn-t; 戙 c; 板 h mn)
      橋樑／桥梁  ―  qiáoliáng  ―  bridge
      廊橋／廊桥  ―  lángqiáo  ―  covered bridge
    2. (countable) bridge-like object: footbridge; beam; crosspiece
    3. a surname
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 橋 (“bridge”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 樑, 橋
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 橋, 橋樑
    Mandarin Beijing 橋
    Taiwan 橋
    Jinan 橋
    Xi'an 橋
    Wuhan 橋
    Chengdu 橋
    Yangzhou 橋
    Hefei 橋
    Cantonese Guangzhou 橋
    Hong Kong 橋
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 橋
    Macau 橋
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 橋
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 橋
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 橋
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 橋
    Foshan 橋
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 橋
    Foshan (Shunde) 橋
    Foshan (Sanshui) 橋
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 橋
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 橋
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 橋
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 橋
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 橋
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 橋
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 橋
    Taishan 橋
    Kaiping (Chikan) 橋
    Enping (Niujiang) 橋
    Heshan (Yayao) 橋
    Dongguan 橋
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 橋
    Yangjiang 橋
    Gan Nanchang 橋
    Hakka Meixian 橋
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 橋
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 橋
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 橋
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 橋
    Conghua (Lütian) 橋
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 橋
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 橋
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 橋
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 橋
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 橋
    Jin Taiyuan 橋
    Min Bei Jian'ou 橋
    Min Dong Fuzhou 橋
    Min Nan Xiamen 橋
    Chaozhou 橋
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 橋
    Wu Suzhou 橋
    Wenzhou 橋
    Xiang Changsha 橋
    Shuangfeng 橋

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *ɟow
    • → Vietnamese: cầu
    • → Zhuang: giuz

    Etymology 2[edit]

    trad. 橋
    simp. 桥

    Changed tone variant of etymology 1.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    橋

    1. (Cantonese, countable) idea; plan (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    2. (Cantonese, countable) plot; storyline (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    trad. 橋
    simp. 桥

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    橋

    1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 巧 (kiu2, “coincidental”)

    Japanese[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Alternative forms[edit]

    • (variant) 𣘺 [U+2363a]
    • (variant) 槗 [U+69d7]
    • (variant) 𫞎 [U+2B78E]

    Kanji[edit]

    橋

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    橋
    はし
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi

    /pasi/ → /ɸasi/ → /hasi/

    From Old Japanese, originally indicating either the area between two things, or a connection between two things.[1]

    Cognate with 階 (hashi, “stairs from a garden up to the house”), both cognate with root hasa indicating the narrow area between two things, as in 狭間 (classical hasama, modern hazama, “narrow gap between two things”) or 挟む (hasamu, “to put between two things that are close together, to squeeze between two things”).[1] Cognate also with root hoso indicating the narrowness of a thing itself, as in 細い (hosoi, “narrow, slender”), 細める (hosomeru, “to narrow something, to make something narrow”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    橋(はし) • (hashi) 

    1. that which is constructed to connect two points for the purpose of transportation: a bridge
    2. a bridge-like walkway or corridor between two buildings in a manor, palace, castle, or similar structure
    3. a person who acts as a bridge between different people: a mediator, a go-between

    Synonyms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Unknown (794), Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    橋 (eumhun 다리 교 (dari gyo))

    1. Hanja form? of 교 (“bridge”).

    橋 (eumhun 빠를 고 (ppareul go))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Miyako[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Cognate with Japanese 橋 (hashi).

    Noun[edit]

    橋 (hiragana ぱｽ, romaji pas)

    1. a bridge

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    橋: Hán Nôm readings: kiều, cầu, kéo, kèo

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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