欒

See also: 栾, 灤, and 樂

欒 U+6B12, 欒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B12 ← 欑 [U+6B11] CJK Unified Ideographs 欓 → [U+6B13]

Translingual

Han character

欒 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+19, 23 strokes, Cangjie input 女火木 (VFD), four-corner 2290₄, composition ⿱龻木)

Derived characters

• 圞(𪢮) 灤(滦) 虊 𣡵 𬣘(𬤗) 𱘞 𱡖(𱠧)

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 564, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15947
• Dae Jaweon: page 953, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1324, character 15
• Unihan data for U+6B12

Chinese

trad.		欒
simp.		栾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 欒
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	*b·roːn, *b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	*b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons
灓	*b·roːn, *b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	*smroːns, *smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	*b·ronʔ, *b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	*pʰlons, *klons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *b·roːn): phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 木 (“tree”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luán (luan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): luàng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): luang² / luong²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): loân
• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶loe / ²loe / ²loen

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luán
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luán
    • Wade–Giles: luan²
    • Yale: lwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
    • Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lyun⁴
    • Yale: lyùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lün⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːn²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: luàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃uaŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: luang²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: luáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luaŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: luong²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luoŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loân
    • Tâi-lô: luân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loaan
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /luan²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /luan²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /luan¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /luan²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan²³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶loe
    • MiniDict: loe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³loe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lø²³/
  • (Northern: Suzhou, Changzhou)
    • Wugniu: ²loe
    • MiniDict: loe^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /lø²²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /lɵ¹³/
  • (Northern: Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ²loen
    • MiniDict: loeon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /lø̃²³¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 欒
Mandarin	Beijing
	Harbin
	Tianjin
	Jinan	/luã⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/luɑ̃²/
	Zhengzhou	/luan⁵³/
	Xi'an
	Xining	/luã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/læ̃³/ 姓
	Lanzhou	/luan⁵¹/
	Ürümqi	/luan⁵²/
	Wuhan
	Chengdu
	Guiyang
	Kunming	/luã³¹/
	Nanjing	/luaŋ²⁴/
	Hefei
Jin	Taiyuan
	Pingyao
	Hohhot
Wu	Shanghai	/lø²³/
	Suzhou
	Hangzhou
	Wenzhou	/lø³¹/
Hui	Shexian
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha
	Xiangtan
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou
	Nanning
	Hong Kong
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/luan³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)
	Shantou (Teochew)	/luaŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)

---

• Middle Chinese: lwan

Rime
Character	欒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	落官切
Baxter	lwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/luɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwan/
Li Rong	/luɑn/
Wang Li	/luɑn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/luɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m]ə.rˤon/, /*[r]ˤo[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*b·roːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	欒	欒
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luán	luán
Middle Chinese	‹ lwan ›	‹ lwan ›
Old Chinese	/*[m]ə.rˁon/	/*[r]ˁo[n]/
English	corners of the rim of an oval bell	emaciated, worn
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	欒
Reading #	1/1
No.	8616
Phonetic component	
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	鑾
Old Chinese	/*b·roːn/
Notes	金文作

Definitions

欒

1. Koelreuteria paniculata
2. a surname

References

• “欒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “欒”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “栾”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 147.

Japanese

Shinjitai	栾
Kyūjitai	欒

Kanji

欒

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 栾)

1. Koelreuteria paniculata
2. get together

   Synonym: 圝

Readings

• Go-on: らん (ran)
• Kan-on: らん (ran)
• Kun: おうち (ōchi, 欒)^{←あふち (afuti, 欒, historical)}、ひじき (hijiki, 欒)^{←ひぢき (fidiki, 欒, historical)}、まどか (madoka, 欒)、まるい (marui, 欒)

Compounds

• 欒(らん)栱(きょう) (rankyō)
• 欒(らん)子(し) (ranshi)
• 欒(らん)欒(らん) (ranran)
• 朱(しゅ)欒(らん) (shuran)
• 団(だん)欒(らん) (danran)
• 檀(だん)欒(らん) (danran)

Korean

Hanja

欒 (eumhun 둥글 란 (dunggeul ran) or (word-initial) 난 (nan))
欒 (eumhun 모감주나무 란 (mogamjunamu ran) or (word-initial) 난 (nan))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 欒

Vietnamese

Han character

欒: Hán Việt readings: loan
欒: Nôm readings: loan

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation