洏

洏 U+6D0F, 洏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D0F ← 洎 [U+6D0E] CJK Unified Ideographs 洐 → [U+6D10]

Translingual

Han character

洏 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 水一月中 (EMBL), four-corner 3112₇, composition ⿰氵而)

1. tears
2. tearful

Derived characters

• 𩄋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 620, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17370
• Dae Jaweon: page 1015, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1604, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6D0F

Chinese

simp. and trad.		洏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (而) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
耐	*nɯːs
耏	*nɯːs, *njɯ
而	*njɯ
鮞	*njɯ, *njuɡ
鴯	*njɯ
栭	*njɯ
陑	*njɯ
峏	*njɯ
輀	*njɯ
胹	*njɯ
洏	*njɯ
髵	*njɯ
恧	*nɯɡ, *nuɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ér (er²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄦˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zi²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ér
    • Zhuyin: ㄦˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ér
    • Wade–Giles: êrh²
    • Yale: ér
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: erl
    • Palladius: эр (er)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ji⁴
    • Yale: yìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zi²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyi

Rime
Character	洏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	如之切
Baxter	nyi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨ/
Li Rong	/ȵiə/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭə/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ér
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njɯ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洏
Reading #	1/1
No.	2728
Phonetic component	而
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	而
Old Chinese	/*njɯ/

Definitions

洏

1. used in 漣洏／涟洏

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “洏”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 60.

Japanese

Kanji

洏

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): じ (ji)、に (ni)
• Kun: ぬるまゆ (nurumayu)

Vietnamese

Han character

洏: Hán Nôm readings: nhỉ

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