流行

Chinese

		to flow; to spread; to circulate to flow; to spread; to circulate; to move	to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional
trad. (流行)		流	行
simp. #(流行)		流	行

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liúxíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lau⁴ hang⁴

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): liù-hàng

  (Hailu, HRS): liu hang

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): liu² heng²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liû-hêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): liu⁵ gian⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶lieu-yin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liúxíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lióusíng
    • Wade–Giles: liu²-hsing²
    • Yale: lyóu-syíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lioushyng
    • Palladius: люсин (ljusin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lau⁴ hang⁴
    • Yale: làuh hàhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lau⁴ hang⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: leo⁴ heng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐu̯²¹ hɐŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù-hàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: liu^ˇ hang^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: liu² hang²
    • Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹ haŋ¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: liu hang
    • Sinological IPA: /liu⁵⁵ haŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: liu² heng² [Phonetic: liu⁵ eng²]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: liú-héng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liu¹³⁻¹¹ ^(h-)ɛŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: liu² heng² [Phonetic: liu⁵ eng²]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liu²⁴⁻²¹ ^(h-)ɛŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû-hêng
    • Tâi-lô: liû-hîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liu'heeng
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /liu²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /liu²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /liu¹³⁻²² hiɪŋ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /liu²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu²³⁻³³ hiɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: liu⁵ gian⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liû kiâⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kĩã⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶lieu-yin
    • MiniDict: lieu^去 yin
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lieu-hhin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liɤ²² ɦin⁴⁴/

Adjective

流行

1. prevalent; widespread
   1. (specifically, epidemiology) endemic
2. popular; in vogue; fashionable

Synonyms

• (prevalent):

edit

• 共通 (gòngtōng)
• 廣 / 广 (guǎng)
• 廣泛 / 广泛 (guǎngfàn)
• 普通 (pǔtōng)
• 普遍 (pǔbiàn)
• 泛 (fàn)
• 泛濫 / 泛滥 (fànlàn) (archaic)
• 遍 (biàn) (literary, or in compounds)

• (popular):

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• 受歡迎 / 受欢迎 (shòu huānyíng)
• 吃得開 / 吃得开 (chīdekāi)
• 吃香 (chīxiāng) (colloquial)
• 火爆 (huǒbào)
• 熱門 / 热门 (rèmén) (attributive)

Verb

流行

1. to become prevalent
2. to spread; to become endemic
3. to become popular or fashionable

Synonyms

• (to become popular):

edit

• 大火 (dàhuǒ) (figurative)
• 好利路 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 時興 / 时兴 (shíxīng)
• 時行 / 时行 (shíxíng)
• 暢行 / 畅行 (chàngxíng)
• 爆紅 / 爆红 (bàohóng) (to reach instant fame)
• 當時 / 当时 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 盛行 (shèngxíng)
• 行時 / 行时 (xíngshí)
• 走紅 / 走红 (zǒuhóng) (colloquial)
• 風行 / 风行 (fēngxíng)
• 風靡 / 风靡 (fēngmǐ)
• 飆紅 / 飙红 (biāohóng) (to reach instant fame)

Derived terms

• 大流行 (dàliúxíng)
• 流行坎止
• 流行學 / 流行学
• 流行性 (liúxíngxìng)
• 流行性感冒 (liúxíngxìng gǎnmào)
• 流行文化 (liúxíng wénhuà)
• 流行歌曲 (liúxíng gēqǔ)
• 流行症
• 流行病 (liúxíngbìng)
• 流行病學 / 流行病学 (liúxíngbìngxué)
• 流行組 / 流行组 (liúxíngzǔ)
• 流行組合 / 流行组合 (liúxíng zǔhé)
• 流行色
• 流行語 / 流行语 (liúxíngyǔ)
• 流行音樂 / 流行音乐 (liúxíng yīnyuè)

Further reading

• “流行”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
• “流行”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.
• “流行”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Mandarin and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 32.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
流	行
りゅう Grade: 3	こう Grade: 2
kan'on

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) りゅうこー [ryùúkóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɾʲɨːko̞ː]

Noun

流(りゅう)行(こう) • (ryūkō) ^{←りうかう (riukau)?}

1. fashion, vogue
2. prevalence (of disease)

Verb

流(りゅう)行(こう)する • (ryūkō suru) ^{←りうかう (riukau)?}intransitive suru (stem 流(りゅう)行(こう)し (ryūkō shi), past 流(りゅう)行(こう)した (ryūkō shita))

1. become epidemic, go around
2. become fashionable

Conjugation

Conjugation of "流行する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	流行し	りゅうこうし	ryūkō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	流行し	りゅうこうし	ryūkō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	流行する	りゅうこうする	ryūkō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	流行する	りゅうこうする	ryūkō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	流行すれ	りゅうこうすれ	ryūkō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	流行せよ¹ 流行しろ²	りゅうこうせよ¹ りゅうこうしろ²	ryūkō seyo¹ ryūkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	流行される	りゅうこうされる	ryūkō sareru
Causative	流行させる 流行さす	りゅうこうさせる りゅうこうさす	ryūkō saseru ryūkō sasu
Potential	流行できる	りゅうこうできる	ryūkō dekiru
Volitional	流行しよう	りゅうこうしよう	ryūkō shiyō
Negative	流行しない	りゅうこうしない	ryūkō shinai
Negative continuative	流行せず	りゅうこうせず	ryūkō sezu
Formal	流行します	りゅうこうします	ryūkō shimasu
Perfective	流行した	りゅうこうした	ryūkō shita
Conjunctive	流行して	りゅうこうして	ryūkō shite
Hypothetical conditional	流行すれば	りゅうこうすれば	ryūkō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

See also

• 流行(はや)る (hayaru)

References

• “〈流行〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
流	行

Noun

流行 • (yuhaeng) (hangeul 유행)

1. hanja form^? of 유행 (“fashion, vogue”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
流	行

Verb

流行

1. chữ Hán form of lưu hành (“to circulate”)