涂

See also: 塗, 凃, and 深

涂 U+6D82, 涂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D82 ← 涁 [U+6D81] CJK Unified Ideographs 涃 → [U+6D83]

Translingual

Han character

涂 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, Cangjie input 水人一木 (EOMD), four-corner 3819₄, composition ⿰氵余)

Derived characters

• 蒤, 塗, 𣉯, 𥂋, 𪄫

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 625, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17518
• Dae Jaweon: page 1027, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1628, character 12
• Unihan data for U+6D82

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 涂
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (余) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
斜	*lja, *laː
茶	*rlaː
荼	*rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː
梌	*rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
搽	*rlaː
塗	*rlaː, *l'aː
佘	*ɦlja
賒	*hljaː
畬	*hljaː, *la
舍	*hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
捨	*hljaːʔ
騇	*hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
涻	*hljaːs
稌	*l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ
悇	*l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las
庩	*l̥ʰaː
捈	*l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
途	*l'aː
酴	*l'aː
駼	*l'aː
鵌	*l'aː, *la
涂	*l'aː, *l'a
嵞	*l'aː
峹	*l'aː
筡	*l'aː, *l̥ʰa
蒤	*l'aː
徐	*lja
俆	*lja
敘	*ljaʔ
漵	*ljaʔ
除	*l'a, *l'as
篨	*rla
滁	*rla
蒢	*rla
蜍	*ɦlja, *la
鵨	*hljaː
瑹	*hlja
余	*la
餘	*la
艅	*la
狳	*la
雓	*la
悆	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'aː, *l'a): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 涂 – see 塗 (“mud; shoal; to daub; to smear; to apply; to paint; to plaster; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 塗).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 涂 – see 途 (“way; path; road; method; way; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 途).

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		涂
alternative forms		凃 𪶢 𪶅

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tú (tu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou⁴ / ceoi⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thù

  (Hailu, HRS): tu

• Eastern Min (BUC): dù
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tou²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thô͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tú
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tú
    • Wade–Giles: tʻu²
    • Yale: tú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twu
    • Palladius: ту (tu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tou⁴ / ceoi⁴
    • Yale: tòuh / chèuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou⁴ / tsoey⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou⁴ / cêu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯²¹/, /t͡sʰɵy̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thù
    • Hakka Romanization System: tu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tu²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰu¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: tu
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰu⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dù
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: tou²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: tó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔu¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: tou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔu²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Changtai, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thô͘
    • Tâi-lô: thôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: too
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tʰɔ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Changtai): /tʰeu²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: drjo, du

Rime
Character	涂	涂
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	直魚切	同都切
Baxter	drjo	du
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨʌ/	/duo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɔ/	/duo/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɔ/	/do/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨə̆/	/dɔ/
Li Rong	/ȡiɔ/	/do/
Wang Li	/ȡĭo/	/du/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯wo/	/dʱuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chú	tú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyu4	tou4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤa/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'aː/, /*l'a/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	涂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tú
Middle Chinese	‹ du ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁa/
English	path
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	涂	涂
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15773	15789
Phonetic component	余	余
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	徒	除
Old Chinese	/*l'aː/	/*l'a/

Definitions

涂

1. Used in personal names.
2. a surname

   涂謹申／涂谨申 [Cantonese]  ―  tou⁴ gan² san¹ [Jyutping]  ―  James To Kun-sun (Hong Kong politician)

3. Name of a river.

Usage notes

This surname (涂 (tú)) is different from the surname 凃 (tú) or the surname 塗／涂 (tú).

References

• “涂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

涂

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: ず (zu)、ど (do)、じょ (jo)
• Kan-on: と (to)、ちょ (cho)
• Kun: みち (michi, 涂)

Korean

Hanja

涂 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

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Vietnamese

Han character

涂: Hán Nôm readings: dơ

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