照る
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 照 |
| て Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *teru.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 照る
| Plain | 照る | てる | [téꜜrù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 照って | てって | [téꜜttè] |
| Perfective | 照った | てった | [téꜜttà] |
| Negative | 照らない | てらない | [tèráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 照らなかった | てらなかった | [tèráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 照れば | てれば | [téꜜrèbà] |
| Past conditional | 照ったら | てったら | [téꜜttàrà] |
| Imperative | 照れ | てれ | [téꜜrè] |
| Volitional | 照ろう | てろー | [tèróꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 照りたい | てりたい | [tèrítáꜜì] |
| Formal | 照ります | てります | [tèrímáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 照りません | てりません | [tèrímáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 照りましょう | てりましょー | [tèrímáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 照りました | てりました | [tèrímáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 照り 照りに |
てり てりに |
[téꜜrì] [téꜜrì nì] |
| Negative continuative | 照らず 照らずに |
てらず てらずに |
[tèráꜜzù] [tèráꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 照られる | てられる | [tèráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 照らせる 照らす |
てらせる てらす |
[tèráséꜜrù] [tèráꜜsù] |
| Potential | 照れる | てれる | [tèréꜜrù] |
Verb
[edit]照る • (teru) intransitive godan (stem 照り (teri), past 照った (tetta))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 照らす |
| mediopassive | 照る |
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 照ら | てら | tera |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 照り | てり | teri |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 照る | てる | teru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 照る | てる | teru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 照れ | てれ | tere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 照れ | てれ | tere |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 照られる | てられる | terareru |
| Causative | 照らせる 照らす |
てらせる てらす |
teraseru terasu |
| Potential | 照れる | てれる | tereru |
| Volitional | 照ろう | てろう | terō |
| Negative | 照らない | てらない | teranai |
| Negative continuative | 照らず | てらず | terazu |
| Formal | 照ります | てります | terimasu |
| Perfective | 照った | てった | tetta |
| Conjunctive | 照って | てって | tette |
| Hypothetical conditional | 照れば | てれば | tereba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 照ら | てら | tera |
| Continuative (連用形) | 照り | てり | teri |
| Terminal (終止形) | 照る | てる | teru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 照る | てる | teru |
| Realis (已然形) | 照れ | てれ | tere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 照れ | てれ | tere |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 照らず | てらず | terazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 照れど | てれど | teredo |
| Causal conjunction | 照れば | てれば | tereba |
| Conditional conjunction | 照らば | てらば | teraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 照りき | てりき | teriki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 照りけり | てりけり | terikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 照りつ | てりつ | teritu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 照りぬ | てりぬ | terinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 照れり 照りたり |
てれり てりたり |
tereri teritari |
| Volitional | 照らむ | てらむ | teramu |
Derived terms
[edit]- 照る照る坊主 (teru teru bōzu)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “照”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “照る”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 照 read as て
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -eru
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Light