牢

牢 U+7262, 牢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7262 ← 牡 [U+7261] CJK Unified Ideographs 牣 → [U+7263]

Translingual

Han character

牢 (radical 93 牛+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十竹手 (JHQ), four-corner 3050₂, composition ⿱宀牛)

1. prison
2. stable, pen
3. secure

References

• KangXi: page 698, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19934
• Dae Jaweon: page 1110, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1802, character 6
• Unihan data for U+7262

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		牢

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 牢
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (牢) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
牢	*ruː
窂	*ruː
哰	*ruː

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): láo (lao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): lâu / tiâu / láu / lô / lô͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: láo
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ
    • Wade-Giles: lao²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lau
    • IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lou⁴
    • Yale: lòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /lou̯²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâu
    • Tâi-lô: lâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: laau
    • IPA (Xiamen): /laʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /laʊ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâu
    • Tâi-lô: tiâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diaau
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tiaʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiaʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaʊ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tiaʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiaʊ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: láu
    • Tâi-lô: láu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lao
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /laʊ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô
    • Tâi-lô: lô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: looi
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lo²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘
    • Tâi-lô: lôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ²⁴/

Note:

• lâu - vernacular;
• tiâu/láu - vernacular (俗);
• lô/lô͘ - literary.

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 牢
Mandarin	Beijing	/lɑu³⁵/
	Harbin	/lau²⁴/
	Tianjin	/lɑu⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/lɔ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/lɔ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/lau⁴²/
	Xi'an	/lau²⁴/
	Xining	/lɔ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/lɔ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/lɔ⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/lɔ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/nau²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nau³¹/
	Guiyang	/nao²¹/
	Kunming	/lɔ³¹/
	Nanjing	/lɔo²⁴/
	Hefei	/lɔ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/lau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/lɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/lɔ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/lɔ²³/
	Suzhou	/læ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/lɔ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/lɜ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/lɔ⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/lə⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/lau¹³/
	Xiangtan	/naɯ¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/lɑu⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lau¹¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lou²¹/
	Nanning	/lu²¹/
	Hong Kong	/lou²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/lau³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/lo⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/lau³³/ 名 /lau²¹/ 形
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/lao⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/lau³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /lɑu/▼

Rime
Character	牢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	魯刀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/law/
Li Rong	/lɑu/
Wang Li	/lɑu/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	láo

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*ruː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牢
Reading #	1/1
No.	7644
Phonetic component	牢
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	勞
Old Chinese	/*ruː/

Definitions

牢

1. prison
2. firm

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Japanese

Kanji

牢

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. prison
2. stable, pen
3. secure

Readings

• Goon: ろう (rō)
• Kan’on: ろう (rō)
• Kun: ひとや (hitoya), かたい (katai)

Kanji in this term
牢
ろう Hyōgaiji
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ろ​う [róꜜò] (Atamadaka - [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ɾo̞ː]

Alternative forms

• 籠

Noun

牢 (hiragana ろう, rōmaji rō, historical hiragana らう)

1. prison

Synonyms

• 監獄 (かんごく) (kangoku), 牢屋 (ろうや) (rōya)

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Korean

Hanja

牢 • (roe, noe, ro, no) (hangeul 뢰, 뇌, 로, 노, revised roe, noe, ro, no, McCune-Reischauer roe, noe, ro, no, Yale loy, noy, lo, no)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Okinawan

Kanji

牢 (hiragana るー, romaji rū)

Noun

牢 (hiragana るー, romaji rū)

1. prison

Synonyms

• 監獄 (かんぐく, kanguku), 牢屋 (るーや, rūya)

Derived terms

• 牢屋 (るーや, rūya, “prison”)

References

• 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)^[1], 1963

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Vietnamese

Han character

• Hán Việt: lao, lào, sao, sau

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.