碰

碰 U+78B0, 碰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78B0 ← 碯 [U+78AF] CJK Unified Ideographs 碱 → [U+78B1]

Translingual

Han character

碰 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿廿金 (MRTTC), four-corner 1861₂, composition ⿰石並)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 832, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24360
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2440, character 4
• Unihan data for U+78B0

Chinese

simp. and trad.		碰
alternative forms		掽 踫 磅 (pōng) Hokkien

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 並.

Etymology

Appears in Zihui [Ming dynasty] as 掽, but only attested in literary works since Qing dynasty. Probably a recent colloquial form of 逢 (MC bjowng) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): pèng (peng⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄥˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pong⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): pung³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): puung¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): pung³
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): pung⁴
• Jin (Wiktionary): peng³
• Northern Min (KCR): pōng
• Eastern Min (BUC): pâung
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phòng / pōng / phóng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pong³

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶ban / ⁵phan
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pong⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pèng
    • Wade–Giles: pʻêng⁴
    • Yale: pèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: penq
    • Palladius: пэн (pɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤŋ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: pong⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰoŋ²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pung³
    • Yale: pung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰʊŋ³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: puung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɵŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: pung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: pung⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰʊŋ⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: peng³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰəŋ⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pōng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: pâung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑuŋ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòng
    • Tâi-lô: phòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoxng
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōng
    • Tâi-lô: pōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pong
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pɔŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phóng
    • Tâi-lô: phóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phorng
    • IPA (Singapore): /pʰɔŋ⁴²/

Note: phóng - used only in mahjong.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: pong³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰoŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ban
    • MiniDict: ban^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ban
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bã²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /bã²³¹/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁵phan
    • MiniDict: phan^去
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /pʰã⁵²³/

Note: 5phan - used primarily in mahjong.

• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: pong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /pʰʊŋ⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /pʰən⁴⁵/

Definitions

碰

1. to collide; to bump; to knock; to touch
2. to meet by chance; to bump into; to come across
3. to test out; to try one's luck
4. to offend; to provoke
5. (mahjong) to form a pung

Usage notes

• When playing mahjong, a player may say this word as a call when forming a pung off another player's discard

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 遇 (“to encounter”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		遇, 碰, 遭
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	遇, 碰
	Malaysia	遇, 碰
	Singapore	遇, 碰
Cantonese	Guangzhou	遇, 撞
	Hong Kong	遇, 撞
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	遇, 撞
	Singapore (Guangfu)	遇
Hakka	Meixian	遇, 撞
Southern Min	Xiamen	拄, 撞, 衝, 磅
	Quanzhou	拄, 撞, 衝
	Zhangzhou	拄, 衝
	Tainan	拄, 撞, 磅
	Penang (Hokkien)	拄
	Singapore (Hokkien)	拄
	Manila (Hokkien)	拄, 遇
	Chaozhou	遇, 堵
	Shantou	遇
	Jieyang	遇, 堵
	Singapore (Teochew)	堵
Wu	Shanghai	碰

• (Taiwan)(to touch): 磕 (kē)（Hokkien)

Descendants

• → English: pung, pong
• → Japanese: 碰(ポン) (pon)
• → Tagalog: pong

Compounds

• 冒碰
• 剃頭的碰到禿子 / 剃头的碰到秃子
• 吃碰
• 啱啱碰著剛剛 / 啱啱碰着刚刚
• 四處碰壁 / 四处碰壁
• 心急碰上熱豆腐 / 心急碰上热豆腐
• 拿雞蛋往石頭上碰 / 拿鸡蛋往石头上碰
• 東碰西撞 / 东碰西撞
• 混碰
• 狗碰
• 狗碰頭 / 狗碰头
• 相碰
• 瞎碰
• 瞎貓碰上死耗子 / 瞎猫碰上死耗子 (xiāmāo pèngshàng sǐhàozi)
• 瞎貓碰到死老鼠 / 瞎猫碰到死老鼠 (xiāmāo pèng dào sǐlǎoshǔ)
• 硬碰硬 (yìngpèngyìng)
• 碰一鼻子灰
• 碰上 (pèngshàng)
• 碰了
• 碰傷 / 碰伤
• 碰到 (pèngdào)
• 碰勁 / 碰劲
• 碰命
• 碰和
• 碰啱
• 碰埋頭 / 碰埋头
• 碰壁 (pèngbì)
• 碰壺 / 碰壶
• 碰巧 (pèngqiǎo)
• 碰彩
• 碰手
• 碰撞 (pèngzhuàng)
• 碰擊 / 碰击
• 碰杯 (pèngbēi)
• 碰櫃酒 / 碰柜酒
• 碰湖
• 碰牌
• 碰球
• 碰瓷 (pèngcí)
• 碰破頭 / 碰破头
• 碰硬
• 碰碰和 (pèngpènghú)
• 碰碰胡 (pèngpènghú)
• 碰碰船
• 碰碰車 / 碰碰车 (pèngpèngchē)
• 碰磕
• 碰股
• 碰著 / 碰着
• 碰蛋
• 碰見 / 碰见 (pèngjiàn)
• 碰觸 / 碰触 (pèngchù)
• 碰軟釘子 / 碰软钉子
• 碰運氣 / 碰运气 (pèng yùnqi)
• 碰釘 / 碰钉
• 碰釘子 / 碰钉子 (pèngdīngzi)
• 碰鈴 / 碰铃 (pènglíng)
• 碰鐘 / 碰钟 (pèngzhōng)
• 碰面 (pèngmiàn)
• 碰響 / 碰响
• 碰頭 / 碰头 (pèngtóu)
• 碰頭好兒 / 碰头好儿
• 碰頭會 / 碰头会
• 碰頭禮 / 碰头礼
• 碰鼻
• 碟大碗小磕著碰著 / 碟大碗小磕着碰着
• 磕碰 (kēpèng)
• 磕碰兒 / 磕碰儿
• 磕頭碰腦 / 磕头碰脑
• 腳碰腳 / 脚碰脚
• 處處碰壁 / 处处碰壁
• 衝碰 / 冲碰
• 觸碰 / 触碰 (chùpèng)
• 跌來碰去 / 跌来碰去
• 踢踢碰碰
• 雞蛋碰石頭 / 鸡蛋碰石头
• 頂碰 / 顶碰
• 頭頭碰著黑 / 头头碰着黑

Japanese

Kanji

碰

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. collide, bump into

Readings

• Kan’yō-on: ほう (hō)
• Kun: ぶつかる (butsukaru, 碰かる)、ぶつける (butsukeru, 碰ける)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
碰
ポン Hyōgai
irregular

Borrowed from Mandarin 碰 (pèng).

Compare Cantonese 碰 (pung³), Hokkien 碰 (phòng).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ポン [póꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [põ̞ɴ]

Noun

碰(ポン) • (pon) 

1. (mahjong) a call for a 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) from a discarded tile, compare English pung

Coordinate terms

• 吃(チー) (chī)
• 槓(カン) (kan)

Derived terms

• 双(シャン)碰(ポン) (shanpon): two-sided wait pattern, winning tile may form a triplet with one or the other pair

See also

• 刻(コー)子(ツ) (kōtsu, “triplet”)

Vietnamese

Han character

碰: Hán Nôm readings: bánh, bính

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.