秧

秧 U+79E7, 秧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79E7 ← 秦 [U+79E6] CJK Unified Ideographs 秨 → [U+79E8]

Translingual

Han character

秧 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+5, 10 strokes, Cangjie input 竹木中月大 (HDLBK), four-corner 2593₀, composition ⿰禾央)

1. rice seedlings, young rice plants

Derived characters

• 𬝣

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 851, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24996
• Dae Jaweon: page 1276, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2599, character 6
• Unihan data for U+79E7

Chinese

trad.		秧
simp. #		秧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鴦	*qaːŋ, *qaŋ
佒	*qaːŋ
咉	*qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
眏	*qaːŋ
姎	*qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
坱	*qaːŋʔ
映	*qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
泱	*qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
盎	*qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
駚	*qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
軮	*qaːŋʔ
醠	*qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
央	*qaŋ
秧	*qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
殃	*qaŋ
鞅	*qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠	*qaŋ, *qraŋ
雵	*qaŋ
胦	*qaŋ, *qroːŋ
柍	*qaŋʔ
詇	*qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟	*qaŋʔ
炴	*qaŋʔ
怏	*qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
紻	*qaŋʔ
英	*qraŋ
瑛	*qraŋ
霙	*qraŋ
韺	*qraŋ
媖	*qraŋ
渶	*qraŋ
鶧	*qraŋ
楧	*qraŋ
暎	*qraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ): semantic 禾 (“grain; cereal”) + phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ).

Etymology

Attested relatively late, in the Tang dynasty (Sagart, 2011).

Haudricourt and Strecker (1991) propose a Hmong-Mien origin, but Sagart (2011) argues that the direction of borrowing should be the other way around. He instead proposes an internal Chinese origin, suggesting that it is a cognate of 英 (OC *qraŋ, “grasses at their growing/flowering stage, before producing seeds”) without a -r- infix.

Relationship with Tibeto-Burman items is unclear, due to mismatching initials: Tibetan ལྗང་བ (ljang ba, “shoot, sprout”), ལྗང་བུ (ljang bu, “rice seedling”), Lepcha ᰊᰜᰤᰨᰵ (ta-lyong, “young blades of corn, rice”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yāng (yang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yang¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): joeng¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiang¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): iong¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yông

  (Hailu, HRS): rhong^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): yong¹

• Northern Min (KCR): óng
• Eastern Min (BUC): ŏng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ng¹ / yorng¹ / oeng¹ / yoeng¹ / yang¹ / ieng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ng / iong / iang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ng¹ / iang¹ / ng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ian
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ian¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yang
    • Wade–Giles: yang¹
    • Yale: yāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iang
    • Palladius: ян (jan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yāngr
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yangr
    • Wade–Giles: yang¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: yāngr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iangl
    • Palladius: янр (janr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: yang¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: joeng¹
    • Yale: yēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: joeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yiang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiaŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: iong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɔŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: iong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: rhong^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /ʒoŋ⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: óng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ouŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yorng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: io̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yɒŋ⁵³³/
  • (Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: oeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /œŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yɐŋ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ieng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieŋ⁵⁴⁴/

Note:

• ng1 - vernacular;
• yorng1/oeng1/yoeng1/yang1/ieng1 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ng
    • Tâi-lô: ng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngf
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋ̍³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iong
    • Tâi-lô: iong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iofng
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iang
    • Tâi-lô: iang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iafng
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• ng - vernacular;
• iong/iang - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ng¹ / iang¹ / ng²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ng / iang / ńg
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ³³/, /iaŋ³³/, /ŋ⁵²/

Note:

• ng1 - vernacular;
• iang1 - literary;
• ng2 - only in 麻秧.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹ian
    • MiniDict: ian^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /iã⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ian¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯æn³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'jang, 'jangX

Rime
Character	秧	秧
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	於良切	於兩切
Baxter	'jang	'jangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨɐŋ/	/ʔɨɐŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɐŋ/	/ʔiɐŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiɑŋ/	/ʔiɑŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨaŋ/	/ʔɨaŋX/
Li Rong	/ʔiaŋ/	/ʔiaŋX/
Wang Li	/ĭaŋ/	/ĭaŋX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯aŋ/	/ʔi̯aŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yāng	yǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng1	joeng2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qaŋ/, /*qaŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	秧	秧
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14489	14499
Phonetic component	央	央
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	央	鞅
Old Chinese	/*qaŋ/	/*qaŋʔ/

Definitions

秧

1. rice seedling
2. sprout; shoot; seedling
3. vine; stalk
4. young animal; -ling
5. (literary) to transplant rice seedlings
6. (dialectal) to grow; to cultivate; to raise
7. a surname

Synonyms

• (sprout):

edit

• 嫩苗 (nènmiáo)
• 小苗 (xiǎomiáo)
• 幼植 (yòuzhí)
• 幼苗 (yòumiáo)
• 新苗 (xīnmiáo)
• 樹栽 / 树栽 (Min, Dongguan, Wenzhou)
• 樹秧 / 树秧 (Wu)
• 樹苗 / 树苗 (shùmiáo)
• 樹苗苗 / 树苗苗 (shùmiáomiao) (Jin, childish in Mandarin)
• 秧仔 (Hakka, Hokkien, rice seedling)
• 秧子 (yāngzi)
• 秧苗 (yāngmiáo) (rice seedling)
• 秧苗 (yāngmiáo)
• 芽苗 (yámiáo)
• 苗 (miáo)
• 苗子 (miáozi)
• 苗木 (miáomù)

Compounds

• 不論秧子 / 不论秧子
• 串秧兒 / 串秧儿
• 分秧
• 塌秧兒 / 塌秧儿
• 外秧兒 / 外秧儿
• 家秧子
• 念秧
• 拉秧
• 插秧 (chāyāng)
• 插秧機 / 插秧机
• 撓秧 / 挠秧 (náoyāng)
• 旱秧田
• 架秧子
• 栽秧 (zāiyāng)
• 瓜秧
• 秧子 (yāngzi)
• 秧歌 (yānggē)
• 秧歌劇 / 秧歌剧
• 秧田 (yāngtián)
• 秧秧蹌蹌 / 秧秧跄跄
• 秧腳 / 秧脚
• 秧苗 (yāngmiáo)
• 秧針 / 秧针
• 秧雞 / 秧鸡 (yāngjī)
• 秧馬 / 秧马
• 秧齡 / 秧龄
• 花秧兒 / 花秧儿
• 菜秧 (càiyāng)
• 蒔秧 / 莳秧
• 魚秧 / 鱼秧 (yúyāng)

References

• “秧”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “秧”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 254.

Japanese

Kanji

秧

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: よう (yō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}
• Kan-on: おう (ō)^{←あう (au, historical)}
• Kun: なえ (nae, 秧)、うえる (ueru, 秧る)

Compounds

• 秧鶏(くいな) (kuina): rail; water rail

Korean

Hanja

秧 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

秧: Hán Việt readings: ương, ưởng
秧: Nôm readings: ương

1. chữ Hán form of ương (“seedling, sprout”)