窺

See also: 窥

窺	U+7ABA, 窺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7ABA

← 窹
[U+7AB9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

窻 →
[U+7ABB]

Translingual

Han character

窺 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+11, 16 strokes, Cangjie input 十金手人山 (JCQOU), four-corner 3051₆, composition ⿱穴規)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 868, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25633
Dae Jaweon: page 1297, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2739, character 13
Unihan data for U+7ABA

Chinese

trad.		窺
simp.		窥
alternative forms		闚／窥𥨖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (規) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
嫢	ɡeːnʔ, skʷel, *ɡʷilʔ
規	*kʷel
槻	*kʷel
鬹	*kʷel
摫	*kʷel
瞡	kʷels, kʷils
窺	*kʰʷel
闚	*kʰʷel

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰʷel): semantic 穴 + phonetic 規 (OC *kʷel).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuī (kui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khûi
Eastern Min (BUC): kiĕ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khui
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹khue / ¹khuei

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuī
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuei
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuei¹
  - Yale: kwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuei
  - Palladius: куй (kuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kwai¹
  - Yale: kwāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khûi
  - Hakka Romanization System: kui^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kui¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰu̯i²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kiĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰie⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui
  - Tâi-lô: khui
  - Phofsit Daibuun: quy
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kʰui⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kʰui⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰui⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Jiaxing, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ¹khue
  - MiniDict: khue^平
  - MiniDict: khuie^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹khue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰue⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /kʰuɪ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /kʰue⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /kʰue⁵²/
- (Northern: Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ¹khuei
  - MiniDict: khuei^平
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /kʰuei⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /kʰui³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /kʰuɐɪ⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /kʰuai⁵³/

Middle Chinese: khjwie

Rime
Character	窺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去隨切
Baxter	khjwie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰiuᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰjuɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwiə̆/
Li Rong	/kʰiue/
Wang Li	/kʰǐwe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰwie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷʰe/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷel/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	窺
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuī
Middle Chinese	‹ khjwie ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷʰe/
English	pry, spy (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	窺
Reading #	1/1
No.	4609
Phonetic component	規
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	闚
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷel/
Notes	同闚

Definitions

窺

to peep; to spy on; to pry

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 窺 – see 跬 (“half a step”). (This character is an obsolete form of 跬).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chēng, chèng (cheng¹, cheng⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄥ, ㄔㄥˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cheng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻêng¹
  - Yale: chēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheng
  - Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chèng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻêng⁴
  - Yale: chèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenq
  - Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹/

Definitions

窺

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Japanese

Kanji

窺

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: き (ki)
Kan-on: き (ki)
Kun: うかがう (ukagau, 窺う)、のぞく (nozoku, 窺く)

Korean

Hanja

窺 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)

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Vietnamese

Han character

窺: Hán Nôm readings: khuy

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